Gusubirira bateri y'umukasi: OEM n'amahitamwo y'inyuma y'isoko
Ivy’ishimikiro urabizi. Igikoresho cawe co guterura gikoreshwa n’amabateri y’inzira ndende, kumbure ni ubuhinga bwa 24V bufise amabateri ane y’amavolt 6 akoresheje amabateri akurikiranye. Iyo zipfuye, urakeneye izindi nshasha. Ikibazo ni aho wozigura kandi nimba bifise akamaro.
Birahambaye kuruta uko abantu benshi biyumvira, ariko si kubera imvo abacuruzi ba OEM bazokubwira.
Urukino rwa OEM
Reka mvuge ataco nkora ku kintu. Iyo bateri ya Trojan T{6}}105 umucuruzi wawe wa JLG avuga ko ari amadolari 166 y'Amerika. Uruganda rumwe, ivyiyumviro bimwe, amasaha 225 amp-hour nyene, uburemere bumwe bw’amapawundi 62. Itandukaniro ni purely uwuriko arakugurisha.
Igiciro c'imirongo ya OEM ine-amabateri hagati y'amadolari 560 n'amadolari 1.160. Amasoko y’inyuma y’isoko agurisha ibintu bisa n’ivyo ku madolari 560 gushika ku madolari 665 yose hamwe. Turavuga 40-50% markup mu bihe bimwe bimwe ku sticker y’umucuruzi.
Ni kuki abantu bavyishura? Imvo zibiri mu vy’ukuri zifata ingingo, n’imwe idashikama.
Imvo ya mbere ibereye: ivyangombwa vy’uburenganzira. OSHA 1926.453 ivuga ko ibihimba vyo gusubirira bikwiye guhura n’ivyo umuhinguzi w’intango yasavye. Kugira impapuro za OEM bituma gusuzuma buri mwaka vyoroha. Umukozi wawe w'umutekano ntabwirizwa kugenzura amakuru ya bateri ku giciro c'uwundi muntu.{4}}.
Imvo ya kabiri ibereye: nimba vy’ukuri utazi uko amabateri yawe akeneye, uwo mucuruzi aragukorera ubwo bushakashatsi. GC2 n'ivya GC8 n'ivya L16, ivyicaro vy'iherezo, amasaha makeyi asabwa ku citegererezo cawe. Ubwo bumenyi burafise agaciro iyo ubuze imbere mu mutima.
Impamvu ivyo bitagumye: uburyo. Nta tandukaniro ry’uburyo ririho. Amabateri akoreshwa n’amashirahamwe nyene mu buryo bwose.
Ivyo amahuriro avuga mu vy'ukuri
Nca mara umwanya munini cane nsoma amahuriro y’ibikoresho. Ehe ivyo abakoresha nyabo bavuga ku bijanye n’amabateri y’inyuma y’isoko:
Ivyo bivuye mu kiganiro ca Electrician Talk, umukoresha afise ubumenyi mu bijanye n'ubwato: "Nari mfise amahirwe menshi n'amabateri ya Trojan igihe nategerezwa gusubirira ayanje... Amabateri ya nyuma naguze nayaronse aya Sam. Atari make kandi asa n'akora neza."
Uwundi muntu akoresha iyo nama nyene, abona ibintu mu buryo butandukanye: "Nararonse amahirwe menshi n'amabateri yo mu maduka y'ibihimba vy'imodoka ya NAPA, ku bijanye n'iki kibazo" - yerekeza ku bibazo vy'isuku ry'amabateri atari make yicara ku bitanda igihe kirekire cane.
Ivyo bivuye mu kinyamakuru Garage Journal, bivuga ku ma bateri y'umukasi: "Ushobora kuyaronka kuri Amazon, urabe gusa igikoresho co gushaja 24 volts. Ntibikenewe ko kiba nk'ivyo ufise ubu."
Ariko rero hariho umutekano-isinzi rya mbere, kandi na bo nyene ntibabesha. Umuntu umwe yavuze ku rubuga rwa Mike Holt yabivuze gutya: "Ku gikoresho cose nk'igikoresho co guterura umukasi gifise ibibazo bikomeye vy'umutekano, sinzokora ku kintu cose kitaremewe n'uwagikoze."
Aha niho nokwandika ikintu nk'iki ngo "ivyo vyose birafise akamaro" ariko mu vy'ukuri ivyo ni cop-out. Ehe ikibanza canje nyaco:
Niba uriko uratwara ubwato kandi ufise umuntu mu bakozi azi ivy’amabateri, ugure aftermarket. Ivyo uzigama ni vy’ukuri kandi ingorane ni nke cane iyo ugenzura ko bihuye imbere yo gusaba. Nimba uri umunyalift umwe-udashaka gukora ubushakashatsi ku miterere y'ibikoresho vya GC2, wishyure umusoro wa OEM maze ugende n'ubuzima bwawe.
Ikibazo c'uburemere
Iki gice gikurikira kirahambaye kuruta ibindi vyose biri muri iki kiganiro.
Ivyuma biterura bikoresha uburemere bwa bateri nk’ikigereranyo. Ivyo biharuro vy’ugushikama kw’ibarabara vyiyumvira ko hari uburemere bwihariye bwicaye mu gice ca bateri. Ku bikoresho vyinshi vy’uguterura 24V, ivyo ni nk’amapawundi 248 - amabateri ane y’amabuye y’agaciro-aside ku mapaundi nka 62 kuri imwe yose.
Bateri za litiyumu zipima igice c’ivyo kugira ngo zibe zifise ubushobozi bungana.
Umuntu umwe akoresha urubuga rwa Mike Holt rwerekeye amashanyarazi yasiguye igituma iki ari ikibazo:
"Ivyuma vyinshi vy'uguterura vyakozwe n'amabateri nk'igice c'uburemere! Amabateri ya litiyumu araremereye cane kurusha amabateri ya AGM na FLA, kandi muri rusangi NTIBISHIMISHIWA gukoreshwa mu guterura, kiretse iyo vyerekanwa vyakozwe vyihariye n'ayo mabateri mu muzirikanyi."
Ivyo si ivy’ugucapura neza kw’igarantiya. Ivyo ni ivyerekeye fizike. Gabanya uburemere bw'inyuma n'amapawundi 100+ ata n'indishi maze uhindure isonga-hejuru y'urugero. Abantu bakora bari hejuru cane kuri izo nzira.
Ivyuma vyiza vyo guhindura litiyumu birimwo uburemere bw’ivyuma. Igikoresho co guterura umukasi ca BigBattery congeramwo amapawundi 91 y’icuma kugira ngo gishike ku giciro gitoyi c’amapawundi 248. Ariko narabonye ibikoresho vy’uguhindura bihendutse birenga ivyo vyose, kandi naravuganye n’abamekanishije b’amashirahamwe akodesha bashizeho amapaki ya litiyumu batazi ko uburemere buhambaye.
Suzuma aho amabateri ari ku gitereko cawe co guterura. Hakwiye kubaho ikimenyetso kigaragaza uburemere bukeyi bushizweho. Niba uriko uriyumvira guhindura litiyumu, suzuma ko umubare wose w'amabateri - hamwe n'ibindi vyose vyongereweko - bihuye n'uwo mubare. Bishire mu nyandiko. Bika amakuru y’idosiye yawe y’igenzura.
Ukwitaho ukuri
Sinzokwigira nk'aho gutunganya aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-bigoye. Sivyo. Ariko kandi si ubusa.
Asidi y'amabuye y'agaciro-yuzuye ikeneye amazi yongerwako ubudasiba. Uko bihora bivana n’ingene bikoreshwa be n’ingene bishaja. Amato akodeshwa akoreshwa cane-ashobora kugenzura urugero rw'amazi inyuma y'indwi zibiri. Ivyuma vy'umuco-bikoreshwa kumbure buri kwezi. Uyisimbuke igihe kirekire bihagije maze ushire ahabona amasahani, wihutishe sulfation, wice bateri kare.
Umuhinga umwe wo mu mahuriro y’ibikoresho bikomeye yaradondora uburyo benshi mu bakoresha ubwato bazomenya:
"Mu rutonde, amabateri y'iherezo y'uruhererekane aheza agakora cane... Bateri iri hafi cane y'iherezo ry'inyuma yari ikeneye amazi menshi, hanyuma bateri iri hafi cane y'iherezo ry'inyuma."
Ivyo ni imyaka 20 y'amaboko-ku bumenyi bwo kuvuga. Amabateri ari mu murongo w’urutonde ntambara neza. Abari ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’amashanyarazi barakora cane. Nimba uriko urasuzuma bateri imwe gusa iyo wongeyeko amazi, birashoboka ko ubura izo zikeneye cane.
Bateri za AGM zikuraho ikibazo co kuvomera ariko zigura 40-60% kuruta imbere. Lithium irakuraho mu bisanzwe ivyo kwitaho vyose ariko mu ntango igura 2-3x.
Aha niho ivyiyumviro vyanje vyerekana: ku bikorwa vy’ubudandaji bikoresha amasaha arenga 4-5 ku musi, imibare yo gucungera amabuye y’agaciro iraba mbi ningoga. Tugereranya amasaha 15-30 y'akazi ku mwaka ku guterura gusa ku kwitwararika amabateri - gusuzuma amazi, gusukura ivyuma, gushaja, gupima uburemere bw'isi nimba uriko urakora neza. Gukubita ivyo mu bwato. Wongereko igiciro c’igihe co guhagarara iyo umuntu yibagiwe kandi bateri ikabura hagati y’umugambi.
Litiyumu nta ngorane ifise. Ivyo si ivy’ugucuruza, ni ukuri gusa.
Imibare y'imyaka cumi-
Abantu bose bitwararika igiciro co kugura. Hafi nta n'umwe aharura igiciro cose mu bihe vy'ukuri vy'ubunywanyi.
Amabateri y'aside y'amabuye y'agaciro mu bikoresho vy'umukasi akoreshwa buri musi amara amezi 18-24 imbere y'uko ubushobozi buhungabana bituma adakora. Bamwebamwe bararonka bike cane cane mu bibanza bishushe canke iyo bashaja badahuye. Mu myaka cumi, uba uriko uragura amabateri atandatu canke indwi yuzuye.
Amapaki ya litiyumu agereranywa n’ingendo 3,000+ ashobora gukora imyaka cumi ataco asubiriye iyo akoreshejwe mu bucuruzi.
Imyaka cumi -igereranywa ry'igiciro c'umukasi umwe wa 24V:
Inzira y'aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-: $800 y'intango, yasubirijwe incuro 6=$4,800 mu mabati. Yongerako $2,000 mu bikorwa vyo gusanasana muri 120+ gusuzuma amazi, gusukura ibibanza vy'indege, n'ibikorwa bijanye. Yongerako ubukene bw’ubushobozi bwo gushaja - amabuye y’agaciro-aside itakaza 20-25% vy’inguvu zishirwamwo nk’ubushuhe. Muvyite amadolari 7.000-8.000 yose hamwe.
Inzira ya litiyumu: amadolari 2.500 y’intango, nta n’imwe isubirizwa mu myaka cumi. Hafi-zero kwitaho. 95% ubushobozi bwo gushaja. Nimwite $2.800-3.200 yose hamwe harimwo n’ivyo gushaja iyo bikenewe.
Igiciro c'ikimenyetso kivuga ko aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-igura make. Ivy’ukuri vy’imyaka cumi-bivuga ko litiyumu igura 60% bike.
Ivyavuye mu guhindura ubwato nyabwo
Ivyo si ivy’ibitekerezo.
SPIDERWAY yanditse ishirahamwe ryo gukodesha ryo muri Hongiriya ryahinduye amabateri cumi y’umuyagankuba ya SkyJack akayagira amabateri ya LiFePO4 mu ntango z’umwaka wa 2025. Ivyavuye mu kiringo c’ibikorwa gikurikira: igihe co gukoresha urubuga carateye imbere birenze 25%, igiciro co gucungera amabateri caragabanutse kigera hafi kuri zero, ibikorwa vy’ubukonje mu Buraya vyarateye imbere cane. ROI yuzuye yashitsweko mu mezi 18.
Lithium Lift yasohoye inyigisho ku kibanza co gukwiragiza ibintu co muri Texas 3PL cahinduye ama forklift 50 y’umuyagankuba yo mu rwego rwa mbere. Ivyo bizozigama: amadolari 2.9 miliyoni mu myaka umunani ugereranije n’ugukomeza gukoresha aside y’amabuye y’agaciro, bikaba bigereranya 56% vy’ugugabanya amafaranga yose akoreshwa mu gukoresha amashanyarazi. Guhagarika-mbere n'amezi 31. Ivyumba vy’amabateri vyasubiwemwo ububiko inyuma yo gukuraho ibikorwa remezo vy’uguhinduranya. (litiyumu.com)
Igenzura rinini ry’ubwato ryakozwe na Green Cubes Technology mu bice 80 ryerekanye ko amafaranga y’ibikorwa azogabanywa amadolari 4.2 miliyoni mu myaka itanu, ROI ikaba yashitsweko mu mezi atarenga 12. Umusaruro wongerekanye 30% bivuye ku gukuraho guhindura bateri-igihe co guhagarara.
Iyi mibare ni iyo kwihariye ku bidukikije vy'ubudandaji bikoreshwa cane-. Igitereko gikora amasaha abiri ku musi ntikizobona igihe co kwishura nk’ico.
Gushaja n'igihe co guhagarara
Gushaja aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-bifata amasaha 8-12 ku nzira yuzuye. Ubwirizwa kubireka bikakonja imbere y’uko usubira kubikoresha cane. Ibikorwa vy'imisi myinshi-vyemera igihe co gukora kigabanutse canke bikabungabunga amabateri y'inyuma kugira ngo bihindure hagati mu musi.
Iciyumviro kimwe kivuye mu nyandiko z'ubuhinga za Hy-Brid Lifts gisigura uburyo bwo kunanirwa benshi mu bakoresha batazi:
"Hy-Brid Lifts zifise amashaja y'ubwenge ashobora kutafata amashaja iyo amabateri ashitse munsi ya 7V DC."
Ivyuka bikomeye vyica ubuhinga bw'aside y'amabuye y'agaciro. Gukoresha bateri iri munsi ya 10.5V yose hamwe (1.75V ku cellule) maze ukaba wihuse kwonona sulfation bigabanya ubuzima busigaye canke bikayisambura burundu. Ikindi kintu kivuye mu bikoresho vya Hy-Brid: "Ntukigere ukoresha bateri iri munsi ya 10.5V canke 1.75V ku cellule kuko ivyo bigabanya cane ubuzima bwa bateri kandi bishobora no gusenyura bateri yose."
Ubushuhe buratuma ivyo bibazo bikomera. Bateri yuzuye ku 80℃F igabanuka ku 65% y’ubushobozi ku 32℃F. Ku 0℃F, uba umanutse ku 40% y’ubushobozi. Ivyumba vy’ubwubatsi vy’ibihe vy’ubukonje-mu bihe vy’uburaruko birahangana n’ivyo ubudasiba.
Lithium ishobora guhangana n'ubukonje neza, ishobora gushaja mu masaha 2-4, yihanganira gushaja mu gihe c'akaruhuko ataco yononekaye, kandi ntibisaba guhindura ibikorwa remezo. Ku bikorwa vy’amashifu menshi, ugukuraho igihe co guhagarara gusa birashobora gutuma habaho amahera yo guhindura mu mwaka wa mbere.
Ibintu vy'igarantiya
Gusobanura vyihuse kuko ivyo biguma biza: gukoresha amabateri y’inyuma y’isoko ntibica bikuraho garanti y’ibikoresho vyawe. Itegeko ry’Igaranti ya Magnuson-Moss ribuza abahinguzi gusaba ibice vy’ibara ry’umubiri kiretse babitanze ku buntu.
JLG, Genie, Skyjack - nta n’umwe muri bo ashobora gukuraho garanti kubera gusa waguze amabateri ya Trojan biciye ku mucuruzi aho kugura umucuruzi wabo.
Ivyo bitari vyo: iyo igice c’inyuma y’isoko gitera ingorane zikurikira. Shiraho amabateri afise imiterere mibi y’iherezo, ushiremwo igihe gito ku rubaho rw’umugenzuzi, kandi egome, iyo ntambamyi igwa hanze y’ivyo garanti ishobora gukingira. Umuzigo w’ibimenyamenya uri ku wuwukora kugira yerekane igice c’inyuma y’isoko ari co catumye haba ingorane.
Bika ivyangombwa vyawe. Ivyemezo, ibisobanuro, amatariki yo gushiramwo. Iyumvire ihinduka ryose ry’ibice mu nyandiko zawe z’isuzuma ry’umwaka.
Ninde akwiye kugura iki
OEM ubutare -aside:
Abafise inzu imwe-ata bakozi bo kuyibungabunga. Amashirahamwe aha agaciro ukworohereza inyandiko kuruta kuzigama amahera. Ibintu aho udashobora vy’ukuri kugenzura ibisobanuro vya bateri imbere.
Inyuma y'isoko ry'amabuye y'agaciro-aside:
Ibikorwa vy’ubwato bifise ubushobozi bwo mu vy’ubuhinga. Umuntu wese ashobora kugenzura ko GC2/GC8/L16 ihuye. Ibikorwa aho 30-40% y’amahera azigamiwe ku paki ari ngirakamaro kuruta ukuntu umucuruzi ashobora gukora neza.
Guhindura litiyumu:
Amato yo gukodesha. Ibikorwa vy'ubudandaji vy'imirongo myinshi-. Ibidukikije vyose aho igihe co guhagarara gitwara amahera nyayo. Ikoreshwa ryinshi-aho usubiriza amapaki y'aside y'amabuye y'agaciro buri mezi 18 uko biri kwose.
Siga litiyumu nimba:
Igikoresho cawe co guterura gikora munsi y’amasaha 3-4 ku musi, nturiko urasubiriza aside y’amabuye y’agaciro kenshi, kandi ufise ibikoresho vy’imyaka mirongo aho ishoramari ryo guhindura ritagira ico rivuze ku buzima bw’ingirakamaro busigaye.
Ikibanza cacu
Turakora amabateri ya litiyumu y’ibikoresho vyo gukoresha ibikoresho. Biragaragara ko ukuntu tubona ibintu gushigikira iyo tekinoloji.
Ariko iyo mpanuro si iyo kw’isi yose. Asidi y'amabuye y'agaciro-iracari n'insiguro ku bikorwa bikoreshwa bike-. Ivyiza vy’inyuma y’isoko -asidi iva kuri Trojan, Crown, canke US Battery itanga ubushobozi bwo kwizigirwa kugiciro gisanzwe. Ingingo ya OEM n’inyuma y’isoko ku bijanye n’aside y’amabuye y’agaciro - ni iyo kuryoherwa n’inyandiko, si uburyo.
Aho litiyumu itsinda ata gukeka: ibikorwa vy’ubudandaji bigenda bitera hejuru cane, amashifu menshi, ibidukikije vy’ubukode aho igihe co gukora kijana amafaranga. Inyungu ya TCO irarushirizaho gutera imbere buri mwaka. Gukuraho ivy'ugusanasana bibohora abahinga mu bikorwa vy'agaciro kanini-. Uguhinduranya ivy’ugushaja birakuraho ivyiciro vyose vy’ububabare bw’umutwe bukora.
Nimba ivyo bidondora igikorwa cawe kandi ukaba ukiriko ugura lead-acid buri mezi 18, uba usiga amahera ku meza.
Ibibazo vyihariye ku bijanye n’uguhuza kw’amabateri y’ibikoresho vya JLG, Genie, Skyjack, Haulotte, canke ibindi bikoresho vy’uguterura bikoresheje umukasi? Ishirahamwe ryacu ry'abahinga rishobora gusubiramwo urutonde rw'ibikoresho vyawe n'imirongo y'imikorere. Nta n’itegeko, nta nkomanzo. Turahitamwo kugufasha gufata ingingo ibereye aho kukugurisha ikintu kidahuye n’ivyo usaba.
