Ugutunganya ibintu mu gihe c’imbere y’igihe ni iki?

Gusanasana imbere y’igihe bisigura gufata ingorane za bateri imbere y’uko zihinduka ingorane zizimvye. Iciyumviro kirajugunywa cane mu bibanza vy’ugurisha, ariko igikorwa nyaco kirimwo kwitegereza amabara y’umuriro no guharira n’umucuruzi wawe wa BMS ku bijanye n’igituma imburi zabo ziguma zitera isaha zitatu z’ijoro.

Utugingo ngengabuzima twa litiyumu-iyoni ntitupfa bukwi na bukwi. Baratanga imburi. Ico cogufasha ni ukumenya ico ushobora kurondera.

Igikoresho gitakaza ubushobozi kizotangura kwerekana umuriro uri hasi ku rwego rumwe rw’umuriro ugereranyije n’ababanyi baco. Kumbure 20 milivolts mu ntango. Biroroshe gutakaza iyo uriko urasuzuma gusa amakuru y'urugero rwa pack-. Haciye amezi atatu iyo gap ni 80 millivolts none ubu ufise umutwe w’ugucungera ubushuhe kuko cell imwe ikora cane kuruta iyindi.

Uguhangana n’imbere mu mutima ni co kindi kinini. Twarakuye module mu mpera z’umwaka uheze mu bijanye n’ububiko bw’ibintu bwari bumaze imyaka ine bukora. Amaseli yasa neza ku mpapuro. Ubushobozi bwari bukiri ku rugero rwa 84%. Ariko rero, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu mu mutima bwa DC bwari bwaduze buva kuri 1,2 milliohms buja kuri 2,8 milliohms. Ico gikoresho cariko kirasuka ubushuhe mu babanyi baco igihe cose iyo sisitemu yishura ku nsiguro y’ugutegeka incuro.

Li-ion motion during the charge (a) and discharge (b) process.

Uburyo bwose bwo gucunga bateri burakorakoranya umuriro, umuriro n’ubushuhe. Ico gice ni coroshe. Ibintu vy’ingirakamaro biva kuvyo ukora n’ayo makuru uko igihe kigenda kirarenga.

Igitigiri c’ubushobozi buzimangana kikubwira vyinshi kuruta ubushobozi bushitse. Utugingo ngengabuzima twavuye kuri 100% tuja kuri 94% mu mwaka wa mbere hanyuma tuja kuri 91% mu mwaka wa kabiri, turiko turigenza neza. Igipande cagumye kuri 97% amezi cumi n’umunani hanyuma kigaca kigwa kuri 88% mu mezi atatu, gifise ikintu kibi imbere. Kumbure akaga ko guhingura amaherezo karafashwe. Kumbure vyatetswe mu gihe c’ubushuhe igihe ubuhinga bwa HVAC bwari buhagaze kugira ngo bube busanzwe.

Ubushobozi bwa Coulombic burahambaye ku ngirabuzima fatizo zikora ingendo kenshi. Uburyo bwo kubika amakuru bushobora kubona inzinguzingu 300 ku mwaka. Igikoresho co gucapura vyihuta EV coshobora gutuma ama cells ashobora guca muri 500 canke 600. Iyo cells iriko iragarura 99.1% vy’ivyo washizemwo aho kugarura 99.7%, hari ikintu kiriko kirarya litium imbere. Kenshi na kenshi SEI ni ukukura. Rimwe na rimwe litiyumu plating iyo ipaki yaronse umuriro mu bihe vy’ubukonje ata gushushanya neza.

Nabonye amabateri menshi ashobora gusenyuka ashirwako amaseli mabi mu gihe imvo nyayo yari ubuhinga bubi bwo gukora ubushuhe. Kabinete iri mw’izuba ry’inyuma y’umuhingamo. Igikoresho co gukonjesha cari carananiwe nta n’umwe abibonye mu kiringo c’indwi zibiri. Ivyumba vy’impwemu vy’inzira y’amazi vyugarijwe n’inkungugu yo mu bubiko.

Ubushuhe bw’ingingo mu gihe co gushaja burahambaye kuruta ubushuhe bwo mu bidukikije. Igikapu gicapura ku 0.5C gishobora gukora kuri degre 8 canke 10 Celsius hejuru y’ibidukikije. Iyo pack nyene ku 1C yoshobora gutera degre 20 hejuru. None ivyo ubigwize mu bice amajana n’amajana.

Twarafise umukiriya wo muri Nevada yidoga kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwatakaye imbere y’igihe mu mwaka wa kabiri bakora. Vyabonetse ko ikibanza cabo cari kiraba mu burengero. Izuba ryo mu ci ry’inyuma y’umuhingamo ryarashushe impera y’amajepfo y’icumba cabo c’amabateri gushika ku bushuhe bwa degre 95 F mu gihe impera y’uburaruko yari ku mpera y’ubushuhe bwa degre 78 F. Utugingo ngengabuzima turi ku mpera y’aho bashushe twasaza hafi incuro zibiri. Ivy’ugucungera imbere y’igihe vyafashe ukutavuga rumwe, ariko ivyonona vyari vyaramaze gukorwa igihe umuntu wese yariko araraba neza amakuru.

Gukoresha ubuhinga bwo gupima umuyagankuba ku buryo buzima ntibishoboka kuri benshi mu bakoresha. Ivyo bikoresho bigura amahera nyayo kandi ukeneye umuntu azi gusobanura ivyo bivamwo.

Ivyo imbuga nyinshi zikora ahubwo ni ugukurikirana DC resistance mu gihe c’ibikorwa bisanzwe. Pima umuriro sag munsi y’umuzigo. Bigereranye n’ingero z’intango zivuye mu gutanga. Utugingo ngengabuzima twerekana ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’indwara 40% kurusha ababanyi bawo, hari ico turiko turakubwira.

Hariho ama platforms ya BMS aharura ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu ubwayo bivanye n’ibintu bishika mu gushaja no gusohoka. Uko bigenda neza biratandukanye. Nabonye systems ziyitera umusumari mu 5% na systems ziguha imyanda kuko ziriko zirafata ivyerekanwa mu bihe bitari vyo mu nzinguzingu.

BMS operation inside the EV.

Igitigiri c’ubuzima c’abantu 80% kirasubirwamwo hose nk’aho camanutse kivuye ku musozi ku bipande vy’amabuye. Ingingo nyazo zo gusubirira ni messier.

Uburyo bwo kubika amakuru ku ruzitiro bushobora guhindura ibice ku 82% kubera ko amafaranga atakazwa n’umusaruro ugabanutse arenga igiciro c’ibice. Gushiramwo amashanyarazi y’inyuma ku kibanza c’amakuru vyoshobora gutuma ama cellule agera ku bice 70% kubera ko asohora amashanyarazi incuro nkeyi gusa mu mwaka iyo amashanyarazi azimye.

Amajambo ya garanti ni yo atuma umuntu afata ingingo nyinshi. Benshi mu bakora utugingo ngengabuzima baratanga icemezo c’ubushobozi bwa 70% canke 80% ku giharuro c’ingendo zimwe zimwe. Iyo amakuru yawe yerekana ko igice kizogwa munsi y’urugero rwa garanti amezi atandatu imbere y’aho, ico kiyago n’umuguzi wawe kirarushiriza gushimisha.

Abakinyi bakuru bagurisha amapaki y'isesengura asezerana inyigisho z'imashini n'ubumenyi bushingiye kuri AI-. Bimwe muri vyo birafise akamaro. Ivyinshi muri vyo ni imirongo y’imigenderanire ifise ibishushanyo vyiza cane.

Ico mu vy’ukuri gifasha ni ukugira amakuru y’akahise atunganijwe mu buryo butuma ugereranya uburyo busa n’ubwo. Iyo ukoresha ibikoresho vy’amabateri cumi na bitanu bisa, kimwe muri vyo kigasaza ningoga kuruta ibindi, ivyo urashaka kubimenya. Nimba cell lot 2847 ivuye ku muguzi wawe iriko yerekana ingorane ku mbuga nyinshi, ivyo urashaka kumenya vy’ukuri.

Ibisabwa mu kubika amakuru si ibintu bitagira akamaro. Ugufata urugero rw'ingingo mu gihe c'isegonda imwe-bitanga nk'amagigabyte 2 ku megawatt{4}}isaha ku mwaka. Benshi mu bakoresha barafata ivyitegererezo kenshi kugira ngo igiciro co kubika kigume hasi, ariko hanyuma urabura ibintu vy’igihe gito.

General flowchart of the BMS.

Ugucungera imbere y’igihe ntibishobora gukosora ingingo mbi. Ntishobora gukuraho ivyononekaye bivuye ku bushuhe. Ntishobora gusubiza inyuma inyubakwa yari yaratunganijwe nabi.

Ico gishobora gukora n’ukuguha umwanya wo kurongora. Igikoresho cari kunanirwa mu gihe c’ivyifuzo vyinshi vyo mu ci kirananirwa ahubwo mu gihe c’idirisha ryo gusanasana ryategekanijwe muri Ndamukiza. Ukwo gutandukanya kwoshobora kugukiza igihano canke gusaba ubwishingizi.

Imbuga zironka agaciro nyakuri mu gucungera imbere y’igihe ni zo zikora vy’ukuri ku makuru. Naciye mu bibanza bifise ibipande vyiza vyerekana ubwoko bwose bw’imburi ata n’umwe yari yaravye mu mezi menshi. Ivyo si ugutunganywa kw’ibintu bizoshika. Ivyo ni ugukoranya amakuru azimvye.