Bateri yo mu mazi ni iki?

Baza ubwato uwo ari we wese afise bateri yo mu kiyaga, kandi kumbure uzoronka inyishu zitanu zitandukanye. Ni ubuhendanyi kuruta uko wokwiyumvira gutera umusumari mu nsobanuro yoroshe, cane cane kubera ko "bateri yo mu kiyaga" yacitse iri jambo ry'ifata. Nabonye amabateri y'imodoka asanzwe agurishwa nk'"amazi" kubera gusa ko yongeyeko igikoresho co gutwara.

Inyishu nyayo ni umusuku kuruta imyambaro y’ubudandaji yipfuza ko wemera. Bateri zo mu mazi si ikintu kimwe gusa - ari urutonde rwose rw’amabateri yateguwe (mu ciyumviro, uko biri kwose) kugira ngo akore igihano kidasanzwe kizanana n’ukuba ku mazi. Ariko ng’aho bigoranye: si amabateri yose yo mu kiyaga akora igikorwa kimwe, kandi mu vy’ukuri, bimwe muri vyo ntibitandukanye cane n’ivyo woshira mu camyo yawe.

Imbere y’uko ngenda mu bwoko n’ibimenyetso, reka mbe imbere: ibi bintu birahinduka vyihuta cane. Ivyo vyabonwa ko ari uburyo bwiza bwo gutegura amabateri y’amazi mu myaka itanu iheze vyoshobora kuba ari impanuro za kera uno musi, cane cane kubera ubuhinga bwa litiyumu butera umusi mukuru.

Mu buryo bw'ubuhinga ushobora -Nabonye abantu babikora - ariko ni iciyumviro kibi kubera imvo zitari zama zigaragara mu ntango.

Amabateri y’imodoka yubatswe ku kazi kamwe: gutanga ububasha bwinshi kugira ngo uhindure moteri yawe, hanyuma ubwo nyene ugaca usubira gushaja n’umuhinduzi. Ni ivyo bita "bateri" canke SLI (gutangura, umuco, umuriro). Amasahani y’imbere ari imbere ni make kandi afise uburebure bw’ubutaka bwinshi kugira ngo ashobore gutera imbere cane iyo nkuru y’intango. Uhejeje gutangura moteri, bateri iragenda gusa, iguma ihagaze hejuru.

Ku bwato, uriko usaba amabateri gukora vyinshi. Nkako, urakeneye gutangura moteri, ariko kandi uriko urakoresha ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, amapompo y’ivyuma, amatara, kumbure igikoresho co kurondera ifi, bishoboka ko ari moteri y’amagi- yose mu gihe moteri yoshobora kumara amasaha menshi. Ushireko bateri y’imodoka imanuka ku 50 kw’ijana incuro nkeyi uzoyica. Ivyo bipande bitobito ntivyari vyagenewe ubwo bwoko bwo gutwara amagare. Bazokwica, sulfate, kandi bazonanirwa cane kuruta uko iyo garanti ivyerekana.

Hanyuma hariho amazi. Inyama z’ingurube zari zikikuje. Baca bakura. Rimwe na rimwe baratwara imipfunda hejuru y’umuheto. Amabateri y’imodoka arashobora gusesa aside iyo apfutse kubera ko afise amazi agendagenda imbere. Ivyo si ugutera umuvurungano gusa- ni akaga kandi bishobora gusesa ibintu vyose biri hafi.

Marine Battery

Aha niho isi y’ibati yo mu kiyaga ibabaza, kuko abahinguzi ntibatuma ivyo bitoroshe gutahura.

Gutanguza Bateri:Ivyo ni amabateri y'imodoka avuga ko ari ukunyiganyiga -. Kumbure ni uko, kumbure si -sinabonye amakuru akomeye ariko aravyemeza. Bazoca bashiramwo moteri yawe yo hanze canke mu nzu, ariko ntubasavye ngo bakoreshe imizigo y’inzu yawe igihe kirekire. Uzobona ivyo vyitwa "bateri" canke "bateri zitangura" zifise umubare munini wa CCA (amps amps y'ibara ry'agahama).

Ibarabara ry'imbere rikomeye:Ivyo ni vyo ushaka gukora ibintu iyo moteri izimye. Bafise amasahani manini manini ashobora guhangana n’ivyo gusohoka ku bice 50 kw’ijana (canke bigabanya n’ubwoko bumwe bumwe) incuro nyinshi. Ibarabara ryiza ryoshobora kuguha 500-1000 imbere y’uko rigira umukate, ariko uwo mubare ugizwe n’inzego z’ubudandaji. Ivyavuye mu vy’ukuri vyo mw’isi biratandukanye cane bishingiye ku kuntu ubikoresha.

Igice giteye urujijo? Si amabateri yose y'"ingendo" aremwe angana. Bimwe ni ugutangura amabateri afise ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Uburyo bumwe rudende bwo kumenya ni ugusuzuma ibiharuro vy’ukuri- kuraba ubushobozi bw’ububiko (RC) canke amp- hours (Ah), atari CCA gusa.

Amabateri y'imbohe:Ihitamwo ry’ugusenyera ku mugozi umwe rigerageza gukora ivyo bikorwa vyose bibiri. Kandi nk’ibintu vyinshi vyo gusenyera ku mugozi umwe, na vyo nyene ntibikomeye. Bazotangura moteri yawe kandi bazokoresha ibikoresho, ariko ntibazogora nk’uko bateri y’intango yiyemeje kandi ntibazogenda incuro nyinshi nk’ingendo y’ukuri yimbitse.

Navuganye n’abantu bahagije ku marinas kugira ngo menye ko amabateri abiri ariyo ashobora kuba ari yo mabateri mato mato, cane cane kubera ko vyoroshe kugira bateri imwe. Nimba ivyo ari ubwenge bivana n’ingene ukoresha ubwato bwawe.

Amabateri y’Ibuye ry’agaciro (AGM) yabaye ikintu gishushe mu bikorwa vyo mu kiyaga kumbure 10-15 ubu hakaba haciye imyaka, ubu rero umuntu wese akora nk’aho uri ikijuju iyo ukiriko ukoresha amabateri y’amabuye y’agaciro.

Mbega AGMs ni nziza? Kenshi na kenshi, egome. Ico gikoresho gifatanya n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma aho gutera ivyatsi nk’amazi, kugira ngo ntibishobora gusesa. Baca basaba vuba, basohoka buhoro, kandi bagakoresha neza cane. Bagura kandi nk’incuro zibiri z’amabateri y’umwuzure.

Ehe ivyo ibikoresho vyo kwamamaza bitakubwira: AGMs iratoranywa ku bijanye no gushaja. Ukabiteke cane uzobiteka. Bashire mu nzira bazokwisunga nk’iyindi nzira yose y’imbere-bateri. Iyo uburyo bwo gushaja ubwato bwawe bwashinzwe ku mabateri y’umwuzure (ane ni), woshobora gukenera guhindura imiterere y’umuriro. Ivyo narabimenye bikomeye ku bwato bwa muvyaranje igihe twaja muri AGM maze twibaza igituma amabateri yamaze imyaka ibiri gusa.

Ku mato yicara atakoreshwa amezi menshi-kandi reka tuvuge ukuri, ivyo ni ubwato bwinshi bwo kwisamaza-AGMs zifise insiguro nyinshi kuko zikunda- gukuraho buhoro buhoro. Ntushobora gusubira mu mabateri yapfuye mu mpera z’umwaka.

Marine Battery

Bateri y’ivyuma yitwa fosphate y’icuma (LiFePO4) ni nziza cane hafi mu buryo bwose buhambaye. Bararemereye, barasaba ubusazi vyihuta, urashobora kubikuramwo gushika ku 20 kw’ijana canke hasi ata co vyangiritse, kandi birashoboka ko bazosohora ubwato bwawe.

Ariko ng’iki ikintu co gufata ata n’umwe avuze imbere: ubwato bwawe kumbure ntibuzoba bugenewe.

Benshi mu bahinduzi bazokwifuza kugerageza gushaja bateri ya litiyumu kuko amabateri ya litiyumu yemera gukoresha ivyuma vyihuta cane ku buryo iyo nzira y’uguhindura. Ukeneye umuhinduzi afise umurongo w'inyuma w'inyuma canke DC{1}}ba- DC charge hagati. Ivyo ni amadolari 500-1000 hejuru y’amabateri asanzwe azimvye.

Hanyuma hariho ikintu c’ibihe bikonje. Bateri za Lithium ntizishobora gushaja iyo ziri munsi y’ubukonje, rero ukeneye imwe ifise igikoresho c’ubushuhe cubatswe - imbere nimba uri ahantu hose hakanye. Amabateri ya litiyumu ahendutse ntafise ivyo, kandi abantu bamenya inzira ikomeye iyo bateri yabo y’amadolari 1200 ihindutse uburemere bw’impapuro mu kwezi kwa 11.

Sindiko mvuga ntimugende litiyumu - abantu baranezerwa na bo - uburyo buca menya ko atari uguhindura vyoroshe. Umuhungu nzi biciye mu mugwi w’abagendera mu bwato bwashize litiyumu mu rugendo rwiwe rwo mu mwaka uheze, maze amara amayinga akurikirana ama gremlins mu bijanye n’amashanyarazi imbere y’uko aronka vyose bikina neza.

Ivyo si ivy’igitsina, ariko birahambaye cane kuruta bateri ubwayo rimwe na rimwe.

Amabateri yo mu mazi arakeneye kuba mu gasandugu keza ka bateri, akingiwe kugira ngo ntiyigendere, maze akava hanze. Nabonye ubwato aho umuntu aherutse gutera bateri mu gice c’ibarabara maze akabuhamagara neza. Iyo iyo bateri idakora neza (kandi vyose vyarananiwe amaherezo), iyo gazi y’iyidrojeni mu gihe co gushaja yoshobora gutuma haba uguturika. Ni gake, ariko ni kuki bimutera ingorane?

Amabateri afise amaraso arakeneye cane guhumeka. AGMs na litiyumu zirakingirwa, rero ziratekanye, ariko uracaripfuza ko zitekanye. Bateri y’amapawundi 75 iguruka ikikuje inzu yawe mu biyaga bigoranye ni igisasu.

Kandi ng’iki ikintu kizogutwara: amatsiko maremare. Shira mu nzira y’amabateri yawe hejuru mu muheto maze ukoreshe amafuti 20 y’umugozi ku bikoresho vyawe, kandi uriko uratakaza umuriro mu nzira. Ivyuma vy’amabuye vy’agaciro biri kuri internet, ariko mu vy’ukuri, ugume amarushwa magufi kandi akoresha umurongo w’ubunini bukwiye.

Marine Battery

"Ikigeragezo c'ubuhinga" aho ugiterera ukabona nimba kigikora, naho marume wawe yakubwiye, ikigeragezo nyaco.

Uburyo bubereye ni igipimo c’umuzigo, gikoresha umuzigo uremereye kandi gipima ugutemba kw’umuriro. Amaduka menshi y’ibihimba vy’imodoka azogerageza bateri yawe ku buntu iyo uyizana, ariko gutwara bateri yo mu kiyaga ikikuje ni ububabare.

Ku bwato, urashobora kuronka ifoto ibereye ufise igipimo c’ibintu vyinshi. Hamwe iyo bateri yuzuye kandi mu kiruhuko (nta gushaja, nta n’imizigo, urindire nibura isaha), suzuma umuriro:

12.6V canke hejuru=gushyikishijwe neza

12.4V=nk'ibice 75%

12.2V=nk'ibice 50%

Aha hepfo 12V=ahanini

Ariko ivyo bikubwira gusa ko uvuga, atari amagara. Bateri iriko irapfa yoshobora kwerekana 12.6V iyo umuntu aruhutse hanyuma ikaja kuri 11V iya kabiri ufungura umuzigo.

Igerageza ryiza: shira umuzigo uzwi kuri bateri (kumbure ukoreshe amatara yawe y’ibarabara n’iradiyo) maze urabe umuriro. Iyo igabanutse ningoga, bateri iragoyagoya. Ivyo si ivy’ubuhinga, ariko bizokumenyesha igihe co gusubirira.

Hariho ibikoresho bishasha vy’amabateri bishobora gukurikirana amp- hours mu gihe c’igihe, bikaguha igiharuro c’ubushobozi wasigaye mu vy’ukuri. Ivyo bigura amadolari 200-500 bivanye n’ibiranga, kandi nimba ufise umutima ukunze wo kumenya uko bateri yawe imeze, birabereye. Naciye nshiramwo igice kimwe c’umwaka uheze maze nca mbona ko nari ndiko ndakoresha banki yanje y’inzu iri hasi kuruta uko niyumvira.

Ehe ikintu giteye umunezero: ko "100Ah" kuri bateri yawe? Kumbure ntushobora kubikoresha vyose.

Ku bijanye n’amabateri ya AGM n’aya AGM, ukwiye gusohoka gusa ku bice nka 50 kw’ijana nimba ushaka ko bimara. Rero bateri ya "100Ah" vy'ukuri iraguha nk'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha 50Ah. Muyishireko n’ibindi kandi uriko uraca cane mu buzima.

Bateri za Lithium ni nziza-ushobora gukoresha ata nkomanzi 80-90 kw’ijana vy’ubushobozi- ariko kandi birazimvye cane, rero igiciro ku masaha y’ibarabara gishobora kuba kitari gitandukanye nk’uko wovyiyumvira.

Nabonye kandi ko amabateri asa n’atigera atanga ubushobozi bwavyo igihe mu vy’ukuri uyapima. Ivyo vyaba ari kubera ko ibiharuro bifise icizigiro canke kubera ko amabateri menshi atangura gusenyura umusi akora, sinzi neza. Ariko tegura kumbure 80-90 kw’ijana vy’ubushobozi bwagereranywa mu gukoresha kw’isi nyakuri.

Ubushobozi bw’amazi buragabanuka mu bihe vy’ubukonje. Bateri yashizwe ku 100Ah ku 80 F ishobora gutanga gusa 70Ah ku 32℃F. Ni co gituma ubwato bwo mu buraruko bw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no mu mpera z’umwaka.

Ku ruhande rw’uguhindukira, ubushuhe bwinshi burarushiriza kwidegemvya. Nimba amabateri yawe ariko arateka mu gice ca moteri ata n’impwemu, ntutangazwe n’igihe apfuye akiri muto. Buri 15 de℃F mu bushuhe bwa 15 ku rugero rwo hejuru cane ubuzima bwa bateri, hakurikijwe inyigisho zimwe zimwe nasomye (naho izo zari iz’amabateri y’imodoka, atari mu kiyaga vyihariye).

Sinfise umuti mwiza kuri ivyo atari "gerageza kuguma amabateri kandi yibuka ko agoyagoya mu rushana."

Bateri y’ingendo y’imbere y’igihe kumbure irakoresha amadolari 100-200. AGM ni amadolari 200-400. Lithium ni amadolari 600-1200 canke arenga, bivanye n’ubushobozi.

Ariko ivyo ni vyo gusa bateri. Niba uriko urahindura ubwoko, woshobora gukenera:

Ivyuma bishasha vyo gushaja ($0 nimba ushobora kubihindura wewe nyene, $200+ nimba ukeneye umuhinga mu vy'amashanyarazi wo mu kiyaga)

Intsinga n'ibikoresho vy'amabateri ($50-150)

DC{{0}ba- Irako ry'ibara ry'umubiri ku litiyo ($300-800)

Igikoresho gishasha co kugenzura bateri ($200-500)

Vyongeye, guta amabateri ya kera ni ububabare. Bamwe mu bibanza bibajana ku buntu, ibindi na vyo bikaba bigusaba amahera. Uburongozi ni ubumara, rero ntubashire mu gitereko gusa.

Igihe nasubiriza banki y’inzu yanje y’ubwato umwaka uheze, niyumviriye ko ndiko ndakoresha amadolari 400 ku mabateri abiri ya AGM. Igihe nari nasubiriye ama terrodes, nca nsubiramwo umugozi umwe, maze ndahembwa kugira ngo nshiremwo, nari hafi y’amadolari 600.

Ku bwato bwanje bwite-a 26- ubwato bw’amaguru bubona ikoreshwa ry’impera y’umusi n’indwi rimwe rimwe- urugendo rurerure-ndakoresha umugwi umwe w’Itsinda 24 AGM itangura bateri n’amabateri abiri y’itsinda 27 AGM ku banki y’inzu. Ivyo birashoboka ko ari vyinshi cane ku ngendo zo mu mpera z’umusi, ariko ndakunda kugira ubushobozi bwo kuguma mu gihe kirekire mu gihe c’inanga.

Mbega litiyumu yoba nziza? Vy'ukuri. Noshobora gushingira intahe igiciro igihe AGMs iguma ikora neza? Ntibikiri. Kumbure igihe ivyo bipfa mu yindi myaka 3-5, ibiciro vya litiyumu bizoba vyagabanutse bihagije kugira ngo bigire insiguro.

Ivyo ukora bizoba bitandukanye bivanye n’ivyo ufise -baruke n’ivyo mu bwato, ukoresha ubuhinga bwa elegitoronike, waba uriko uragenda canke uriko uragendagenda. Sinzokwigira nk’inyishu imwe.

Hari vyinshi ntatahura neza ku bijanye n’amabateri yo mu kiyaga, kandi sinzokwigira nk’aho. Ivyigwa vy’ubuhinga bwa shimi biragoye. Ni kubera iki amabateri amwe amwe mu myaka 10 n’ayandi apfa mu 3 mbere n’aho yoba afise uburyo busa n’ubwo? Ntibisobanutse neza. Isano nyaryo hagati y’ubushuhe, ibiharuro vy’amahera n’ubuzima? Nabonye amakuru ahushanye.

Niwaheza ukaja mu nzira ya litiyumu, numvise ibintu vyiza kuAmabateri ya litiyo ya Ionickuva ku bantu bakeyi bari ku kibuga c’amazi. Ntibakoresheje ubwanje, ariko basa n’abakora neza ikibazo co gushaja mu bihe vy’ubukonje kuruta bamwe mu mahitamwo y’ingengo y’imari. Worth yihweza nimba uriko uragura.