Lithium -Iyo Gutembera Bateri y'Igikoresho c'Ibikorwa

Ukwezi guheze twaciye dutembagaza 48V 400Ah, twagarutse tuvuye mu kibanza c’ivy’ubuhinga bwa none mu Buholandi. Uwo mukiriya yaridoga ko yapfuye mu bihe 1.400. Igerageza rya Lab ryerekanye utugingo ngengabuzima dutatu mu gice ca 2 cicaye kuri 2.6V mu gihe ababanyi babo bari bafise 3.2V. Ico kinogo ca 600mV nticari ng’aho igihe iyo nkuru yarungitse - Ahantu hagati ya Rotterdam n’amezi 14 y’ibikorwa bitatu vy’i - shift, ikintu cagiye ku ruhande.

Ivyo bishika kenshi kuruta uko amakete y’ibara ry’agahama abivuga. Kandi birabereye gutahura igituma.

Ingorane 80% y'Ikibazo

IEC 62620 isobanura iherezo- ry’ubuzima ku mabati y’inganda nk’aho ubushobozi bwo gukoresha bugabanuka munsi ya 80% y’ubushobozi bwagereranywa. Biroroshe bihagije. Igipande ca 400Ah "gipfuye" kuri 320Ah. Ivyinshi mu bimenyetso vy'amasoko bikopa iyi nsobanuro.

Ariko ng’ibi ivyo IEC 62620 ntibikubwira: iyo nzira yashinzwe ku bijanye n’imimerere y’ivya laboratwari isanzwe. Ubushuhe bugenzurwa. Igitigiri c’amahera y’amahera. Ivyiyumviro vy’ugusohoka kw’imenyekanisha vyasubiwemwo incuro ibihumbi. Nta n’umwe akora amaforoklifts mu cumba c’ikirere ku 25℃n’ugusohoka kw’amashanyarazi kw’amashanyarazi 0.5C 0.5C.

Ivyo mu vy'ukuri Bikora Bitanguka

Ico kibazo c’Ubuholandi cerekanye ata guca ku ruhande ku bijanye n’ugukomera kw’ingingo ngenderwako. Twarabonye iki kigereranyo incuro zihagije kugira ngo tumenye ko atari ivy’impfagusa.

Ibarabara ryose ry’ipaki rifise itandukaniro hagati y’ingingo. Hariho ukwihangana kw’ibintu. Ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bitandukanye kugira ngo bibe micro kugira ngo bibe micro mu murongo w’uguhingura. Ivyuma vy’uguzuza kw’umuyagankuba ntibisa neza cane. Ivyo bitandukanye ni bito -maybe ±1,5% y’uguhinduka kw’ubushobozi mu gice gigenzurwa cane, ±4% canke bibi kuruta ku bateri bateri za litiyumuka imfuruka ku gusuzuma yinjira.

Mu nzira y’uruhererekane, ingingo ngenderwako y’intege nke kuruta izindi ni yo ituma urugendo rugenda. Ivyumba bihagarara igihe iyo nsoro ikubita umuriro uca, ata kuraba ubushobozi busigaye mu ngirabuzimafatizo zikomeye. Charge irangira iyo ingingo ikomeye cane yuzuje, ishobora gutuma utugingo ngengabuzima dugoyagoya tugira intege gatoyi.

Inzinguzingu z’ingingo zigoyagoya zigenda zigera kure cane ugereranije n’ubushobozi bwayo. Gutembagaza kw’ibirunga bituma SEI itera imbere ku nzira y’ibara ry’agahama- Igikoresho gikomeye c’ubuhinga bwa electrolyte gikora mu buryo busanzwe mu gihe c’ugukora ariko kigatera imbere ningoga mu gihe c’imibabaro. Buri nziga, ikinogo kiragwira. Utugingo ngengabuzima dugoyagoya turagoyagoya. Ubushobozi bw’imipira burakurikirana umukinyi mubi kuruta abandi bose, ivyo bikaba biriko birasenyuka vyihuta kuruta uko bisanzwe.

Amakuru yo mu 2023 yasohowe n'abashakashatsi basaza litiyumu - Utugingo ngengabuzima turi mu mirongo y'ibikorwa vy'ukuri yerekanye neza ubu. Utugingo ngengabuzima twageragejwe ku 45℃yarasenyutse nk’incuro zibiri kuruta izo ku rugero rwa degre 35 ku nzinguzingu zingana n’izo. Ubushuhe bw’ubushuhe buri imbere mu gipapuro - ariho bibaho bivanye n’aho umuntu ari, umuyaga, n’uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none - Guhingura ingaruka imwe: ugusaza kudashika, kwihuta.

Ubushuhe Si Umurongo w'Ivyiyumviro gusa

Inganda y’ubuhinga bwo gutera imbere irakunda gusubiramwo ubushuhe bw’ibikorwa. "Ikoreshwa kuva kuri -20℃gushika ku 60 degree." Nkako, iyo pack izokora mu buryo bw’ubuhinga muri iyo nzira y’ugukwiragizwa. Ariko hariho itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'"ibikorwa" n'"ibiramba."

Ubucuti bwa Arrhenius bugenzura ibiharuro vy’imiti, kandi ukura kwa SEI ni igikorwa c’imiti. Ku rugero rwa degre 10 buri hejuru ya degre 25 , uburyo bwo kwonona bugera kabiri mu muvuduko. Igipande c'ubushuhe ku myaka 35 y'ubushuhe bwihuta incuro zibiri nk'uko umuntu aguma afise degre 25 . Ivyo ubishire ku 45℃-kubi mu bubiko bushushe canke amapaki apfutse mu bice vy’ivyuma bikomeye bifise umwuka mwiza{9}} Kandi uriko uraba 4x wihuta.

Ibidukikije vy’ubukonje biratuma haba ingorane zitandukanye. Hasi nk’amadegre 10 , litiyumu yo gutera litiyumu iragwira mu gihe co gushaja. Ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro ku ruhande rwa anode aho gushiramwo neza mu graphite. Ivyo ni ugutakaza ubushobozi budashobora gusubirwamwo hamwe n’ikibazo c’umutekano gishobora kubaho iyo gutera imbere.

Twatanguye gusaba ko uburongozi bw’ubushuhe bw’ubushuhe bw’amashanyarazi bw’ubuhinga bwa none bw’ubushuhe bw’imbere mu gihugu, nta kintu na kimwe mu masoko y’abafana bo muri Aziya y’amajepfo y’ubusereko bamaze kubona uburyo bumwe mu mapaki yagarutse. Ivyo bikoresho vy’ugukonjesha amadolari 300 akenshi biragura ubuzima bw’ingendo n’ingendo 800-1.200 bivanye n’ingene ibintu vyifashe. Ku bijanye n’urugendo rw’ubwato 400+ inzinguzingu buri mwaka, iyo ni imyaka 2-3 y’inyongera y’igikorwa.

Ivyo BMS Bishobora kandi ntibishobora Guhuza

Uburyo bwo gucunga ububiko bugenzura umuriro, ubushuhe n’umuriro. Ivyiza birahuza ingingo mu gihe c’uguca. Ariko BMS ntishobora gutorera umuti ibidahuye kw’ishimikiro- bishobora gusa gupfuka ibimenyetso vy’indwara mu gihe gito.

Guhindura amazi mu mubiri bituma umuntu ashobora kuva ku ngirabuzimafatizo nyinshi biciye ku ntungamubiri. Gushinga uburinganire bw’uburinganire bw’agaciro hagati y’ingingo ngenderwako neza. Izo nzira zompi zingana n’umuriro ku mpera y’umuriro. Nta n’umwe muri bo atorera umuti ingorane y’ishimikiro: iyo ingingo imwe ifashe 380Ah mu gihe ababanyi bafise 400Ah, uburinganire buratuma bushika ku ntungamubiri imwe, ariko iyo cellule 380Ah iracari igabanya ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ipaki.

Igenzura ry'uburyo nyaryo rishika hejuru- utugingo ngengabuzima, gutoranya, n'uguhuza imbere y'iteraniro ry'amapaki. Ivyiyumviro vya Polinovel biza ±5mV uguhinduka kw’umuriro n’ubushobozi ±1,5% bihuye n’ubushobozi bwo gukorana n’ingingo ngenderwako zitegekanijwe ku bijanye n’ipaki imwe. Gutera izo kwihangana biratwara umwanya n’amahera. Kutabikubita bitwara ubuzima bw’abaguzi.

Urutonde rw'ibintu vyinshi.

Abakoresha barahagarika umutima ku bijanye n’amabateri y’ugushaja yihuta. Mu mvo y’imvo- kuvuga, 0.3 gushika kuri 1C ku bijanye n’ubuhinga bwa LFP - igipimo c’ubuhinga gifise ingaruka ntoya ugereranije n’ibindi bintu.

Igihambaye cane: umuriro w’umuriro n’uburebure bw’ugusohoka.

Ubushakashatsi ku ngirabuzima fatizo litiyumu cobalt oxide bwagaragaje ko kugabanya igipimo c’umuriro n’ibice 100 gusa - kwemera gatoyi ubushobozi bwuzuye. Ubuhinga bwa LFP burababarira cane, ariko ingingo ngenderwako irafata. Amabateri yashimitse ku myaka yavyo yihuta cane kuruta ayo akoreshwa n’urubibi.

Inyenyeri y’ugusohoka ikurikiza iyo nzira nyene. Ibarabara ry’inyuma hagati ya 20-80% SOC rizosohora ipaki isa n’iyindi 0-100% nk’ibice 3-5 bivanye n’ubuhinga bwa shimi n’ubushuhe. Abakoresha b’ubwato bashobora gukoresha amapaki afise uburemere bukwiye kuruta uko bazikoresha kugira ngo bashire ubusa mu buzima bwose bwo mu buzima.

Ivyo si ivy’ivyiyumviro. Biraboneka mu makuru yacu y’igarantiya. Abakiriya bariko baragenda n’amaguru mu gihe c’imihindagurikire y’ikirere - ibikoresho bigenzuwe bironka 3,000+ imizinga isanzwe. Abakiriya bariko baragenda mu nzira ndende mu bidukikije bishushe boshobora kubona 1.500. Utugingo ngengabuzima nyene, BMS imwe, ubuhinga bumwe - uburyo butandukanye, ingaruka zitandukanye cane.

Ubucuruzi bw'ibikoresho vy'isanzure{0}}

Ivyinshi mu bipande vy’inganda bikoresha urutonde rw’ibintu bivanze - imiterere y’ibintu. Uburyo busanzwe bwa 48V 400Ah bwoshobora gukoresha 4P16S- bune mu buryo buhuye buhingura umugwi, imigwi cumi n’itandatu mu rutonde. Itsinda ry’abantu benshi ritanga ugusangira n’ukwihangana kw’ubu. Amahuza y’urutonde yubaka umuriro.

Ivyiyumviro vyinshi vy’uguhuza biratanga ukwihangana. Utugingo ngengabuzima tumwetumwe mu mugwi wa 4P ugabanya ubushobozi bw’umugwi n’ibice 25% ariko bituma iyo pat ikomeza gukora. Ukwo kunanirwa nyene mu buryo bwa 2P buca umugwi. Ku bikoresho aho igihe co guhagarara kidategekanijwe kigura amadolari 200-400/isaha, ivyo bikaba ari vyo bihambaye.

Uruhande rw’uguhinduranya: igitigiri c’ibintu bihuye cane gishobora gupfuka ingorane zimara igihe kirekire. Igitero co gusangira utugingo ngengabuzima n’ababanyi batatu bafise amagara meza kiva ku kidengeri gisanzwe, gishobora guteba gutahura gushika utugingo ngengabuzima twinshi dusenyutse cane.

Ivyo ni vyo bituma utugingo ngengabuzima tw'ingingo ngenderwako{0}} ku rugero rwa BMS{1}} gusa gusa - urugero. Ivyo bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwo kumenya ivy’inyongera vyongera igiciro, ariko bitanga imburi y’imbere y’aho yo gutegura ibibazo.

Ivyiyumviro vy'ukuri

Ku bijanye n’iriba- yashizweko umukono ku mpapuro z’ugukwega LFP mu bihe bibereye-25-35 degree, uguhuza neza kw’ingingo, 80% DOD-3.500 inzinguzingu ku rugero rw’ubushobozi bwa 80%. Ubuzima bw’ikirangamisi burenze imyaka 8-10 twiyumvira ko ububiko busanzwe bumeze.

Ivyo biharuro bitera ubukazi birafatanya cane ivyo biharuro. Guhuza neza kw’ingingo, - Ibidukikije vy’ubushuhe, ugusohoka mu buryo buhoraho, canke ukudakoresha neza ubushuhe birashobora gutuma ubuzima bw’ibikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwa 1.200-1.800 bugabanuka. Twarabonye ivyo vyose birengeje urugero.

Ico kinogo kiri hagati y'ivyiza cane- n'ikibi kuruta ibindi vyose- kirasigura igituma amashirahamwe y'amasoko asuzuma amabateri ya litiyumu y'inganda akwiye kuraba kure y'amakuru y'umutwe. Saba ibipimo vy’ugusenyuka kuva ku gukoresha umurima ugereranywa. Amakuru y’uguhuza kw’ingingo ngenderwako y’ugusaba kuva ku guhingura. Gutahura filozofiya y’uguhingura ubushuhe. Bateri iyo ari yo yose y’i litiyumu OEM ishobora gutanga ivyo bintu - bikwiye, ataco bimaze.

Ico ivyo Bisobanura mu kwimenyereza

Ivyiyumviro vy’ubuzima bw’ibikorwa bituma haba igiciro cose c’imibare y’ubutunzi. Igipapuro c’amadolari 15.000 gishika ku madolari 3.000 kigura amadolari 5/ikinga. Iryo kete nyene ritanga inzinguzingu 1.500 zigura amadolari 10/ingendo. Mu kanya nk’ako gukubita urugohe ku bijanye n’uburongozi bw’umurongozi-} Nimuto cane.

Abarongozi b’amafranga bagereranya abagurisha amabateri ya litiyumu ntibakwiye guhagarara ku giciro c’ibintu n’ubuzima bw’ingendo. Niwibike mu migenzo yo gushaka utugingo ngengabuzima. Baza ivy’ukwihanganira umuriro n’ubushobozi bihuye n’iteraniro ry’amapaki. Amajambo y'igaranti y'igaranti y'ugutandukanywa.

Ivyo fizike y’ugusenyuka kw’amabateri ya litiyumu bikoreshwa kw’isi yose. Ivyo bitandukanya amapaki atera ubuzima bwabo butegekanijwe n’abo mu gihe gito ni indero y’ubuhinga ku ntambwe yose: guhitamwo utugingo ngengabuzima, uguhingura ubushuhe, gupima BMS, no guhanahana amakuru ata buryarya ku bijanye n’intambamyi zo gukora.

Twamaze gukora amabateri ya LiFePO4 kugira ngo dukore ibikoresho vyo gukoresha ibikoresho kuva mu 2016. Ivyo tubona mu vyo dukoresha ntivyahindutse cane: imibabaro y’ubushuhe, ugukomeza kw’ingingo ngenderwako, n’imimerere y’ibikorwa hanze y’imipaka y’imiterere y’ibintu vya kera. Ivyo bipande bikora neza birasangira ibiranga - bihuye neza, ibipimo vy’ubushuhe bihagije, n’abakoresha batahura imipaka yabo.

Ivyo ntibiryoshe cane kuruta amatangazo y’ubuhinga bwa shimi. Ariko ni vyo bigena nimba ubwato bwawe bubona ubuzima bw’ibikorwa, urubanza rwawe rwiyumviriye.