Ni gute Ibikorwa vy'Ikinyamasyo- Inguvu z'Inguvu?
Mu kwezi guheze twari dufise umukiriya agarura ingingo ngenderwako zivuga ko "zikora neza." Igihe umugwi wacu w'igerageza wakora ibipimo, ingingo zari nziza- Ikibazo cari uko uburyo bwabo bwasohotse ku 2C ubudasiba mu bidukikije vy'amadegre 40, hanyuma bagereranya ibisubizo ku mibare y'urutonde rw'amakuru yagereranywa ku 0.5C na 25℃. Ubwo bwoko bw’ukudahuza burashika kenshi kuruta inganda zikunda kwemera, kandi zirerekana ikibazo c’ishimikiro: litiyumu - ibikorwa vya bateri si umubare n’umwe. Ni ikintu co gusubiza gihinduka hakoreshejwe ubushuhe, umuzigo, uburyo bwo gukoresha, n’imyaka.
Igikoresho ca CC{0}}CV c'ugushaja - umuriro uhoraho ku rugero rw'umuriro, hanyuma umuriro uhoraho gushika umuriro w'amashanyarazi- ari imigenzo isanzwe, ariko ikintu gihambaye mu gukoresha ni igice c'umurongo. Aho niho uronka ubushobozi bwinshi bwawe vuba. Twarakoze ibipimo vy’ugugereranya ku ntungamubiri 242 za Ah NCM ku rugero rutandukanye: kuva kuri 0.1C gushika kuri 0.5C twaciye igihe c’inzira ya CC n’ibice nka 80%. Ivyo bihushanye n’ivyo ni I2R, ivyo bikaba bipima n’ubu. Ku muhinga mu vy’ubwato akeneye imodoka mu nzira, iyo nzira y’ubushobozi ni yo yemewe. Ku bijanye n’uburyo bwo kubika uruzitiro rutuma urugendo rugenda neza- ubuhinga bwo gukora neza gushika ku rwego rwo hejuru, si ko biri.
Ibikorwa vy’ubushuhe niho tumara amasaha menshi y’ubufasha bwacu bwo gufasha, cane cane ku bakiriya mu bihe vyo mu buraruko n’amasoko yo mu Bumanuko bushira Ubuseruko- ingorane, fizike imwe y’ishimikiro. Ku -20℃, Utugingo ngengabuzima twa LFP turagabanuka kugera kuri 60% vy'ubushobozi bukoreshwa. NMC ifata neza nk’ibice 85%, ni co gituma uyibona mu EVs z’agaciro zigurishwa ku bijanye n’ikoreshwa ryose. Uburyo bwo gukoresha burarushirizaho: uburemere bw’umuyagankuba buraduga, uguhagarika kw’ibara rya SEI kuraduga, kwimurira umuyagankuba biragenda buhoro ku nzira yose. CATL’s Shenxing Pro ivuga ko 478 km ingana n’iminota 20 y’amadedeli ya -20 degrés (catl.com), ivyo bikaba bigereranya iterambere ry’ukuri kuri ivyo.
High- Gutera imbere bituma umuntu agira umutwe utandukanye. Utugingo ngengabuzima dukora neza- rimwe na rimwe - kuri 35- 40℃, ariko ikirangamisi cihutisha cane. Twarakurikiranye amapaki mu gihe c’ubushuhe bw’ikirere. Ivyo bihimba vy’ugusenyuka: SEI iragwira, irya metiyumu, ivyura impedance, igatuma haba ubushuhe bwinshi mu gihe c’ugutwara amagare, ivyo bikaba bituma habaho ukwiyongera kw’ugusenyuka. Umukiriya umwe wo mu Buseruko bwo Hagati yarize ivyo inzira ikomeye igihe ivyo bavuga mu mwaka wa kabiri vy’igarantiya vy’umwaka wa kabiri vyari biteye ubwoba.
Igitigiri c'ubuzima bw'umubiri ku rutonde rw'amakuru bivuga ibintu vyihariye- kenshi na kenshi degre 25 , 1C/1C charge- gutanga, 100% y'uburebure bw'ugusohoka. Guhindura umuhinduzi wose n’imibare ihinduka cane. Turabwira abakiriya ko 50% y’ibikorwa vya DOD mu bisanzwe bishobora kwagura ubuzima bw’ingendo n’ibice 3-5x ugereranyije n’ugutembagazwa kw’uburebure bwose. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’ingendo 500-1.000 ku 100% DOD na 3.000-5.000 ku 50% DOD birafise ingaruka nyinshi ku giciro cose c’ubutunzi, ariko bisaba ko umuntu agira amahera menshi cane, ivyo bikaba vyongera igiciro n’uburemere. Ivy’ubuhinga ni ivy’uguhinduranya; uguhitamwo amabateri ntaco bimaze.
Umutekano w’umutekano umanuka ku gushikama kw’ubushuhe, kandi ugushikama kw’ubushuhe kumanuka ku bijanye n’ubuhinga bwa shimi. Igishushanyo ca LFP ca LFP gifise atome z’umwuka -thermamal ntizitangura gushika nko ku 270℃, ugereranyije n’i 210℃ya NMC. Ni co gituma utugingo ngengabuzima twa LFP duca ibipimo vy’ugushika kw’imisumari vyotuma utugingo ngengabuzima dukomeye dushika ku ntumbero y’ubushuhe. Ni amabuye y’agaciro, si ubudandaji. Igitigiri gishasha c’Ubushinwa GB38031-2025, gikora neza mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2026, gisaba amasaha abiri ata muriro n’uguturika inyuma y’aho ubushuhe butanguye. Dushingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’inganda, nk’ibice 78% vy’abahinguzi baramaze kuronka ubuhinga buhuye n’ubuhinga (regrancarconcress.com). Abasigaye 22% bafise igikorwa c’ubuhinga imbere yabo.
Uburyo bwo gukora burahambaye kuruta benshi mu baguzi batahura- guhuza n’uguhuriza hamwe, kwumisha ukuzuza, kugenzura kwanduzwa. Kaminuza ya Bateri ivuga ko “ata buryo ngirakamaro buhari kugira ngo agereranye ivyangombwa vyose vy’ibati mu kigeragezo kigufi kandi gifise vyose, ni co gituma abagurisha bakurikirana ibibazo iruhande y’ibintu.
Solid{{0}=state, silikoni, sodium -irinion- izo tekinoloji ziriko ziratera imbere zija ku guhingura. Amprius yerekanye 500 Wh/kg afise ama anodes ya silikoni. sodium ya CATL - Naxtra ishika ku 175 Wh/kg ifise 10.000- ubuzima. Ivyo bishobora guhindura isoko mu myaka itatu canke itanu, ubu {- ubuhinga bwa litiyumu-ion buzoguma ari bwo bukora ku bikorwa vyinshi gushika muri iyi myaka cumi. Ibaruwa ry’ibikorwa riguma ryagutse, ariko ivy’ishimikiro vyo guhuza ibiranga ingingo ngenderwako n’ibisabwa vyo gukoresha ntivyahindutse.
