Bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye: Ubushobozi bwinshi-Amahitamwo 500Ah+

Tangana n'agahenge k'ibikorwa, si ikimenyetso ca Ah

Bateri y’ivyuma iremereye iri hejuru ya 500Ah irabereye iyo ikoreshwa ry’inguvu rigereranywa, igihe co gushaja co kwizigirwa, ivyifuzo vy’isonga-vy’ubu, n’uburemere bukeyi bwa bateri y’ikamyo bidashobora guhazwa n’ipaki ntoyi. Igiharuro ca 500Ah ubwaco ntigishingira intahe ico gikenewe.

 

Ku bijanye n’amasoko, igicapo cihuta cane ni ukubaza ico gihagarika ikamyo uno musi. Iyo ishitse mu bubiko bwa BMS imbere y’igice ca nyuma c’akazi, ubushobozi canke amahirwe yo kwishura bishobora kuba bigufi. Iyo ikora amakosa gusa ku nzira canke ku rugendo rw'igihe kimwe-n'ivyo guterura, ikibazo ni ugutanga ubu. Iyo uguhindura kwa litiyumu guhuye n'umuyagankuba ariko kugwa munsi y'uburemere bwa bateri y'isahani y'amakuru-, umugambi ufise ingorane yo gupima. IbiBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye 500Ahigicapo kizigama ukunanirwa gutatu gutandukanye kugira ngo ntifatwe nk'ikibazo kimwe c'igihe co gukora.

 

KuberaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, inyishu na yo nyene irahinduka hakurikijwe urubuga. Ikigo co gukwiragiza akenshi gikeneye gusubirana kw’inguvu zishobora gutegekanirwa mu bihe vy’akaruhuko. Abateri y'ibikoresho vy'ivyumabitegerezwa kandi kwihanganira urugendo rurerure, uguhungabana, inkungugu, ubukonje, ibicapo, n'ibintu bigufi vy'ubu -bibaye. Ububiko bukonje bwongera ugukoresha ubushuhe n'ubushuhe buke-bubujijwe gushaja. Ivyo bimenyetso vy’ibikorwa bishobora gutuma umuntu agira 560Ah, 630Ah, 690Ah, canke 820Ah+, ariko agaciro ka Ah ni ingaruka y’uguharura, si ivyiyumviro vyayo vy’intango.

Guhindura Ah mu nguvu ikamyo ishobora gukoresha

Koresha kilowatt-amasaha kugira ngo ugereranye ubushobozi ku nkomezi zimwe:

MuBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyekugereranya, uburyo bwo mu rwego rwa 80V-bushobora gukoresha umuzigo wa LiFePO4 w'izina wa 83.2V. Ku 83,2V, 560Ah ingana na 46,592kWh, 630Ah ingana na 52,416kWh, 690Ah ingana na 57,408kWh. Uguva kuri 560Ah uja kuri 630Ah kwongerako 12,5% vy’inguvu z’izina; 560Ah gushika kuri 690Ah yongerako 23,2%. Aya majambo aguma .80V guhitamwo ubushobozi bwa bateri y'ikinyabizigabihuye n’itegeko ry’ugushakashaka be n’izina ry’igicuruzwa.

Inguvu z’izina ni umurongo wa mbere gusa muBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeguharura. Kuraho ububiko bw’ubwato burindwa buke-SOC, uguhindura ubushuhe, ubushobozi bwitezwe bwo gutakaza mu kiringo c’igarantiya, imizigo y’ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe n’ivy’inyongera, n’urugero rw’imisi y’ibikorwa vyinshi-. Iyo igikorwa gikoresha 40kWh hagati y’ibintu vy’ugushaja vyizigirwa, ipaki y’amazina 46.592kWh ifise gusa 6.592kWh imbere y’ivyo bihembo vyose. Uwo niwo murongo w'inguvu zikoreshwa-wo kugereranya imiterere y'amapaki.

Koresha insobanuro imwe nyene mu majambo asubiwemwo. Saba umuguzi wese avuge kWh y’izina, idirisha rya SOC rikoreshwa mu kubara kWh ikoreshwa, ubushuhe bw’ingingo bufatwa, iherezo-ry-ubushobozi bw’ubuzima, n’ububiko bwo gukoresha. Ahandi ho, ijambo rimwe ry’inyuma ryoshobora kwerekana inguvu z’izina mu gihe irindi ryerekana inguvu zikoreshwa, bigatuma igiharuro co hasi kigaragara nabi kuruta mbere n’igihe ivyiyumviro vyaco ari ivy’ubudahemuka. MuUburemere bwa bateri n'ibisabwa vyo gupimagutanga ivyuma bijanye n’umuriro, igice, n’uburemere.

Koresha ubushobozi nk'igicapo, atari ibisobanuro

Ivyo bipimo biri aha hepfo ni ibipimo vy’ugusuzuma amasoko vyerekeye ibikoresho vy’umugwi wa 80V-; si ingingo ngenderwako za OEM kandi ntizisubirira ikamyo-kwemererwa kwihariye.

Mu gihe c’Bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeurutonde,80V 560Ah bateri y'ibikoreshobirashobora kuba ihitamwo ryiza iyo ikamyo ikoresha nk’amakWh 28–32 ku musi w’uguserukira maze igasubira ku gicapo cemewe mu gihe c’ifunguro rya sasita canke mu gihe c’uguhindura umusi. Kwikorera 57kWh canke birenze ntibizotuma habaho igihe c'ingirakamaro iyo ikamyo imaze kurangiza umusi w'ibisabwa vyinshi - hejuru y'ivyo yemeranije.

KuberaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, a 500Ah n'ibateri y'ivyuma 630Ahingingo ikwiye gukoresha ikintu gitera ikigo gikora gishobora gusuzuma. Gushinga ububiko burindwa, nk’akarorero 20% nimba ivyo bihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako y’ubuhinga bwa BMS n’ivy’ubwato yemejwe. Hanyuma usubiremwo n’imiburiburi imisi myinshi iserukira abantu, harimwo n’umusi w’isonga. Nimba ikamyo iguma ijabuka iyo nzira y’ububiko kandi gucapura kwategekanijwe kudashobora kugarura ubukene, nushire hejuru umurongo w’ubushobozi. Iyo irangiye imisi isanzwe y'ibisabwa vyinshi-hafi ya 30% SOC, ipaki nini iragoye gushingira intahe ku gihe co gukora gusa.

Ingero zibiri za Polinovel na zo nyene zerekana igituma ivyo atari ugusubiramwo Ah kw’umurongo. Igikoresho ca 560Ah casohowe ni 46,592kWh, 830 × 767 × 570mm, 420kg, gifise umuriro w’amazi 250A n’umuriro w’amazi 200A. Ivyo vyasohowe500Ah n'ibateri y'ivyuma 630Ah1028 × 999 × 784mm, 2100kg, n’amashanyarazi y’ugushaja n’ugusohora 200A. Mu gusubiramwo ivy’ugusubirira 80V-class, iyo ntambwe ihindura inguvu z’izina ku 12,5%, uburemere bushizweho ku 1.680kg, uburebure bw’uruzitiro, n’inguvu z’izina z’umuriro ku 20%; bitegerezwa gufatwa nk’iteraniro ry’ubuhinga ritandukanye aho gufatwa nk’ugusubiramwo ubushobozi bwikora.

Hejuru ya 800Ah, amasoko akwiye kuba ay’ugukekeranya cane, atari make.

Igikoko kininiBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyebigabanya ukuntu umuntu yizigira gucagura ku gihe kibereye, ariko iyo chargeur nyene ifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo isubire kuyizuza. Ubushobozi bwinshi ntibushobora gukosora igikorwa c’umuyagankuba girengeje urugero, amaruhuko yabuze, igihimba co gufatanya kitari kinini, canke umupaka wa BMS washitsweko mu gihe co guterura.

Ku bihinduka vyinshi, ubushobozi butoyi cane buhuye n’ibisabwa vy’inguvu bigereranywa bifise ububiko busobanuwe buraruta ipaki nini cane ihuye n’igitereko.

Gukura cane si ubwishingizi bw’ubuntu. Bishobora kwongera uburemere bw’ivyuma, kwagura igihe co gusubiramwo, no kwimurira inzitizi ku nguvu z’ibikorwa. Gereranya ivyo bihembo mu mwaka w’2019.80V guhitamwo ubushobozi bwa bateri y'ikinyabizigagukoreshaimirongo itanu y'igiciro ca TCO inyuma y'ivyo bavuzeimbere yo kwemeza uburyo buhambaye kuruta.

Funga uburinganire bw'inguvu ku musi

Ipaki imwe ishobora gushigikira imisi myinshi gusa iyo ibi bikurikira biguma ari vyiza ku musi w'ibisabwa vyinshi-:

Igihe usuzuma aBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, koresha ibimenyetso vy'igihe vya BMS aho gukoresha ingereranyo z'umukoresha gusa kuBateri y'ubushobozi bwinshi y'ibikorwa vy'imisi myinshi-. Record intango n’iherezo SOC ku gice cose c’akazi, igihe co gutangura n’igihe co guhagarika charger, ubushuhe bw’ipaki, umupaka w’ubu, n’ikintu cose co gukuraho canke co gukora amakosa. Amasaha y’umukoresha akenshi arimwo kurindira canke gukuraho ibintu bigufi vyo gushaja; SOC n’ibitabo vy’amashaja bituma inyigisho y’inguvu iboneka.

KuberaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyefleet, inyigisho y’amakuru y’ibikorwa-ifata amapaki 31 y’ubudandaji yasanze hariho itandukaniro rihagije hagati y’amateka y’itongo kugira ngo ishigikire amakuru-arongowe n’igihugu-y’ubuhanuzi bw’ubuzima aho kwiyumvira uburyo bumwe bwo gusenyuka. Ivyo gutanga amasoko ni ngirakamaro: bisaba amateka yoherezwa hanze no gusobanura uwufise amakuru imbere y’uko ubwato butangura gukoreshwa. (Ubushakashatsi bwa kaminuza ya Aalto buciye kuri arXiv)

Ku bijanye n’icamiyo nshasha, nushire ibikoresho ku mudereva imbere y’uko ugira urugero rumwe mu bwato. Gereranya ibikoreshwa bivuye ku citegererezo c'ikamyo, umuzigo, uburebure bwo guterura, uburebure bw'inzira, urugero, ibifatanijwe, ubushuhe, n'urutonde rw'ibikorwa; hanyuma ugereranye ingereranyo n’amakuru ya BMS yo ku musi w’ibikorwa vy’isonga. Igerageza rya Hyster E55XN ryasohowe ryatanguye n’iyerekanwa rya 80V 360Ah hanyuma rihindurwa ku bikoresho vy’iyerekanwa rya 80V 630Ah ku bijanye n’ibati imwe -, ibikorwa vy’imisi myinshi. Ikimenyamenya ngirakamaro ni urutonde: kugereranya, kugerageza, gupima, guhindura ingano. Si ivyiyumviro ko urubuga rwose rukeneye 630Ah. Ivyo bituma ubwato bushobora gukurikirana .Bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeuburinganire bw’inguvu. (Igishushanyo c'imashini)

Suzuma umuriro imbere yo kwemeza bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye

Amp-amasaha adondora umuriro ubitswe; guterura, kwihutisha, urugendo rwo ku nzira, n'ibintu bihurikiye hamwe vy'amazi-n'-ugukurura bigenzurwa n'umuriro n'umuriro uri munsi y'umuzigo. ABateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyerero ikeneye ibahasha ry’ubu, atari ibimenyetso.

Uwutanga ibikoresho avuga ngo "ugusohoka kwinshi" ntiyatanze ikintu gikoreshwaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeivyerekeye gushika ubu, igihe, ubushuhe, SOC yo gutangura, n’igihe co guhagarika bivuzwe. Ivyiza bihambaye ni uko Ah nyinshi zidatanga icemezo c’uko umuriro wemerewe: Ingero za Polinovel zasohowe 560Ah na 630Ah zompi zitanga urutonde rw’umuriro w’ugusohoka 200A, mu gihe ubushobozi bwazo bwo gushaja-butandukanye. Igipimo c'isonga ry'ikamyo n'igihe c'ivyabaye bitegerezwa guhura n'imiterere yatowe.

Imbere y’uko ugura, usabe igiharuro c’uguhuza gishizweko umukono kigaragaza umuderi w’icamiyo, umugenzuzi, umuderi w’ipaki, umuderi w’ishaja, igihuza, verisiyo ya porogarama, uko ikigeragezo cari, igisubizo co guca/kunanirwa, n’ugukevya kutatowe umuti. Ico ni co kimenyamenya gitoyi c’umuntu .Bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeikoreshwa ku nzira z’amabarabara canke ku nzira ziterura kenshi, kandi ihindura isuzuma ry’ubuhinga rusangi mu nyandiko y’ukwemera uwo mucuruzi ashobora gufatwako.

Fata uburemere bushizweho nk'ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu agire umutekano

Ku bikamyo vyinshi bipima, uburemere bwa bateri buratuma umuntu ahagarara neza. Agusubirira bateri y'ikinyabiziga gikomeye ca litiyumubitegerezwa guhura n'uburemere bwa bateri ya OEM-inyuma y'aho uruzitiro, ivyuma vyemewe, intsinga, n'ibifatanya bishizweho.

 

Kubera uwo ari we weseBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, usabe ibiremereye bitatu: ibice vy’amashanyarazi, uruzitiro imbere y’ugushiramwo ivyuma, n’iteraniro rya nyuma ry’ugushiraho. Hanyuma usabe igishushanyo kigaragaza ibikoresho vy’ivyuma, aho biri, uburyo bwo kubifatanya, aho biterura, hagati -y’-ivyiyumviro vy’uburemere bw’isi, uburenganzira bwo gukoresha, n’ukwihangana kwose. Ingero za Polinovel za 560Ah na 630Ah zasohowe zitandukanye n’ibiro 1.680, ivyo bikaba ari ikimenyamenya gitomoye c’ukoUburemere bwa bateri n'ibisabwa vyo gupimantibishobora gusobanurwamwo n’umuriro n’Ah. Si ukuvuga ko imwe muri izo paki ishobora gusubirira iyindi; igipande c’amakuru y’ikamyo n’aho cemewe bisobanura urugero rwemewe.

 

Aha niho incamake za AIO zikunda gutakaza: kwongerako ivyuma gushika umunzane ushitse ku ciyumviro ntivyemeza ko uguhindura ari umutekano. Igihagararo c’ivyuma bihindura umuzigo w’imibumbe n’ugushika ku bikorwa; uburyo bwo gukingira no kugumya butegerezwa kugenzura ukwinyiganza guhagaze n’uguhagaze. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ivyo guhindura bigira ico bikoze ku bushobozi canke ku gukoresha ata nkomanzi bisaba ko uwubikora abanza kwemererwa mu nyandiko be n’uko amasahani canke amabwirizwa ahindurwa. (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.178)

 

Igikapu co kwemera gikwiye kuba kirimwo amakuru y’ikamyo-ifoto y’isahani, uburemere bukeyi n’uburemere burengeye bwemewe bwa bateri, igishushanyo c’ingero, agaciro ka nyuma kapimwe, igishushanyo c’ivyuma, uburyo bwo kubigumya, n’aho OEM yemerewe. Ifunga irembo ry’uburemere mu .Bateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeguhinduka; ata iyo package, gushiramwo biracari ihinduka ry’ubuhinga ryuguruye.

Gupima igikoresho co gushaja n'umuyagankuba hamwe

Igihuza ni ikintu kimwe gusa co guhuza. ABateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyebitegerezwa guhuza umuriro, urugero rw’umuriro, umupaka w’ubu, polarite, igipimo c’umuhuza, inyifato ya CAN/RS485, imipaka y’ubushuhe, n’amakosa y’ugufatanya.

Koresha hasi y'isohoka ry'umuriro na BMS-yemerewe ubu mu biharuro vyo gusubirana. Ku 83.2V, 250A mu minota 30 igereranya 10.4kWh y’ivyiyumviro imbere y’ugutakaza kw’uguhindura, ugucika intege, ugukoresha ubushuhe, n’ugucika intege kw’ubushuhe. Ku 200A, agaciro k’ivyiyumviro kahuye ni 8.32kWh, ni ukuvuga 20% vy’inguvu zikeyi mw’idirisha rimwe. Ivyo ni ibiharuro bishingiye ku bimenyetso-, si ingero z'urubuga rw'umukiriya-; igitabo c'ugutanga igikorwa kigomba kwandika SOC nyayo y'intango/iherezo n'ama kWh yashikirijwe nk'ikimenyamenya c'ukwemeraBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyena charger hamwe.

Iyi ni yo nzira y'ugushitsa: ubushobozi buhambaye-bushobora guheza igikorwa ca kabiri ataco bumaze iyo urubuga rudashobora kugarura inguvu vuba bihagije. Kuri buri weseBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, guharura ibikoresho vyinshi vy'ugushaja igihe kimwe, umuriro w'injiza wa AC, uburinzi bwo hejuru, inzira y'imirongo, imipaka y'impwemu canke ubushuhe, n'amategeko y'uburongozi bw'ivyo usaba-. Ivyuma cumi vy’amashanyarazi vy’amashanyarazi 20kW bituma haba umuzigo w’amashanyarazi 200kW imbere y’uko habaho ubushobozi n’ububasha bwihariye-.

Kwemera CAN na vyo nyene birakeneye ingaruka ziboneka. KuberaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, igerageza ryerekanye SOC ku bihugu vy'amapaki vyasobanuwe, amapaki-iteguye, uruhusha rwo gushaja, imipaka y'ubu yategetswe, imburi y'ubushuhe, inyishu ya SOC iri hasi-, guhagarika vyihutirwa, gufata amakosa, no gusubiramwo inyifato ku gikamyo c'intumbero n'umubare w'abashaja. Gusaba uwugurisha kugarura igitabu c’igerageza kirimwo amaverisiyo ya porogarama n’imikono; "CAN supported" idondora ukubaho kw'ibikoresho, si uguhuza kw'amasezerano.

Gushira mu ngiro ibidukikije n'amarembo y'ukubahiriza amategeko

Ugusohoka kw'ubushuhe buke-n'ugusohoka kw'ubushuhe buke-ni ibibazo bitandukanye. ABateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeivyerekanwa bikwiye kuvuga charge isanzwe n'iyigabanutse-ubu, ubushuhe bwo gukoresha igishushanyo, ubushobozi bw'igishushanyo, igihe co gushushanya-up, ubushuhe bwo hasi bwemewe bw'igice co gushaja, n'inguvu zikoreshwa imbere y'uko igikorwa gitangura. Ubushakashatsi ku nyifato ya litiyumu-ion ku bushuhe buke buhuza ugutera imbere kw’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu n’ugutwara buhoro ku kugabanya inguvu ziriho n’ingorane nyinshi zo gutera litiyumu-iyo mu gihe co gushaja bidakwiye. (Isubiramwo ry'ikinyamakuru muri PMC)

Urubibi rw'ibikorwa rurasaba cane kuruta umutwe w'ubushuhe buke-. Ipaki ishobora gusohoka ku −20℃mu gihe ibuza gusohoka ku bushuhe busanzwe-ku bushuhe bw'agace. Imbere yo kwemeza aBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye, bisaba inyandiko y'igerageza yerekana ubushuhe bwo mu bidukikije n'ubw'ingingo, uko ubushuhe buri, umuriro wemerewe, igihe co gushusha-, n'inguvu z'urusenga inyuma yo gushusha. Nta gitabo c'abaguzi ba Polinovel catanzwe ku bw'iyi kwandika, rero ivyo bipimo vy'urubuga-bitegerezwa kwongerwako bivuye mu nyandiko y'umugambi yemerewe imbere yo gusaba ibikorwa vy'umurima.

KuberaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeikoreshwa hanze, ivyambu n’ibibanza vy’inganda vyongera amazi, inkungugu, umunyu, ugukubita, n’uguhungabana. Abateri y'ibikoresho vy'ivyumabitegerezwa gusuzumwa ku bijanye n’urugero rw’uruzitiro, ugukingira kw’ivyuma bifatanya, ukuntu umugozi-uhagaze, uburinzi bw’ugusenyuka, ugusohoka kw’amazi, ukuzibira, n’ibihe vyo gusuzuma mu kibanza cashizweho. Igitigiri ca IP nticemeza ko hariho igifatanya n’ibindi bitagira ikidodo canke igikoresho gifata amazi.

Ivyandiko vy’ukubahiriza amategeko bitegerezwa kwerekana igicuruzwa nyaco n’intumbero. IEC 62619:2022 ivuga ku bisabwa vyo gukingira umutekano n’ibipimo vy’ibikoresho vy’inganda vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma n’amabateri. (IEC) UN 38.3 ivuga ku kugerageza gutwara abantu n’ibintu; amasoko aracari akeneye ivyemezo vy'urugero rw'ikamyo-bisabwa ku bijanye n'aho bizoja n'ihinduka ritegekanijwe. (UNECE) IkoreshwaBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeivyerekeye amazina y’ikigereranyo, ikigereranyo, raporo canke inomero y’icete, laboratwari itanga, ukuri, n’akamaro k’isoko.

Wohereze RFQ y'ibateri y'ivyuma bikomeye ishobora gutanga inyishu y'ubuhinga

Uburyo bwo gusubiramwo ntibushobora kurenga uburyo bwo kwinjiza. Ha umucuruzi wese yatowe ikamyo imwe, igikorwa-ingendo, ugushaja, ibidukikije, n'amakuru y'ukwemererwa, hanyuma usabe ibisubizo vy'imibare bimwe. ABateri y'ibikoresho bikomeyeRFQ irema amashimwe agereranywa aho kugereranya-amabara ya Ah.

Gutuma umuguzi wese asubiza kWh y’izina n’ikoreshwa, ugukoresha kwiyumvira, ububiko, akaryo-gusubirana amafaranga, ugukomeza n’isonga-igiciro c’ubu, uburemere bwa nyuma bushizweho, ugusaba amafaranga, n’ibindi bitari vyo biri mu giciro cavuzwe kuBateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye. Iyo umuguzi adashobora kwerekana igiharuro, ikigereranyo cavuzwe ntigiteguwe kwemerwa.

Igitabo ca Polinovelibateri y'ibikoresho bikomeye 500Ah amahitamwogupfuka ivy'umuriro mwinshi-imiterere y'ibikorwa vy'uburinganire bisaba. Koresha urutonde kugira ngo utore ipaki gusa inyuma y’aho ibahasha ry’ikamyo n’inguvu zikenewe bimenyekanye.

Wohereze ikigereranyo c'icamiyo, amafoto y'amakuru-, ibisobanuro vya bateri, urutonde rw'ibikorwa, umuzigo n'inzira, ubushuhe, amateka ya SOC, n'amadirisho yo gushaja kugira ngo hasuzumwe ubunini bw'ingendo y'igikorwa-. Igisohoka c’ingirakamaro ni inguvu, umuriro, uburemere, igikoresho co gucapura, n’ingingo yo gukorana, si umubare munini wa Ah.

Ibibazo bikunze kwibazwa