Ni ibikiIvyiyumviro vy’Ubushuhe y’amaplatine?
Raba, nimba uriko urasoma ibi, birashoboka ko usanzwe uzi ubushuhe burahambaye mu mabateri. Ariko ng’iki ikintu abantu benshi batakubwira: kuronka ubushuhe RIGHT biragoye cane kuruta uko bimeze, kandi kugikoresha nabi bizokutwara amahera. Vyinshi.
Ivyo twabimenye bikomeye mu mwaka w’2019. Umwe mu bakiriya bacu b’amaforomati mu Bushinwa bwo mu Buraruko bwari bufise 40+ amabati yacu ya bateri. Igitero c’urushana, tests caragabanutse kija kuri -25 degre , maze bukwi na bukwi turiko turahamagara kuri 2 AM. Trucks ntizosaba. BMS iguma itera hejuru- temp y'imburi. Mu gufukura amatongo mirongo ibiri n’atanu. Ego.
Ivyo bikoresho vya NTC twariko turakoresha hafi 8 degrees mu bihe vy’ubukonje. BMS yari yiyumviriye ko utugingo ngengabuzima twariko turashuha cane igihe mu vy’ukuri twariko turakonja. Abacamanza barafunze. Entire fleet yapfuye mu bubiko. Ibihano, ivy’ugusubirizwa, indege zo kuja gusaba imbabazi ku bwiwe... reka gusa tuvuge ko umuntu muri sosiyete yacu agifise ayo masezerano ashizwe ku ruhome rwabo nk’ikintu co kwibutsa. Twandikire RMB irenga miliyoni 2.
Aho niho umukuru wacu yariko aratera ukuboko kwiwe ku meza aca avuga ati: "kuva ubu, RTD ya platinum kuri vyose, kandi nimba hari uwushaka ko NTC yongera kuzigama amahera, iriko irasohoka mu ntungamubiri yabo."
Nuko rero emwe. Ni co gituma turiko turandika ibi. Si kubera ko RTD za platine ari nziza cane. Kuko twaturiwe (mu buryo bw’ukuri, n’ugusoma nabi kw’ubushuhe) kandi ivyo ntituriko turabikora.
Ivy'Ishingiro (Ariko vy'ukuri birakoreshwa)
RTD ya platinum ihagarariye Ubushuhe bwo Kurwanya Platinum. Ingingo ngenderwako irapfuye yoroshe: urutsinga rwa platine rurashobora guhangana n’umuyagankuba uko rushuha. Gupima ubushobozi bwo guhangana, urazi ubushuhe. Ivyo ni vyo.
Igitigiri c'inganda citwa Pt100, bisobanura gusa 100 ohms ku 0℃. Hariho kandi Pt1000 (1000 ohms kuri 0℃) iguha ikimenyetso kinini cane co gukorana, n’amaboko iyo ufise ama treats maremare canke ibidukikije vy’urusaku. Turakoresha Pt1000 ku kintu cose gifise intsinga zirenze metero 2 ubu kubera ko twarushe no gukurikirana amakosa 0,5℃yaje kuba intsinga z’umurongozi twabaze.
Ni kuki platine cane cane? Mu vy’ukuri twagerageje nickel n’umuringa hakiri kare. Umukuru, nta gukeka. Ariko nickel irasaza hejuru ya 300℃kandi umuringa oxidize iyo uyiravye nabi. Platinum gusa... ikora . -200℃+850℃, ntizikora, ntizitera. Ivyo bikaba ari vyo nyene ushaka iyo bateri yawe yicaye imbere mu nzu y’ububiko y’amatoni 3 ikikuje ububiko.
Umwe mu bahinga bacu arakunda kuvuga ngo "platinum arazimvye kuko ari ubunebwe" - ntaco ikora n'ikintu na kimwe, ntihindura ivyiyumviro vyayo, gusa yicara aho ari ukuri. Tuzofata ubunebwe.
Inzira zitatu zo kubabubaka (Kandi Ivyo mu vy'ukuri Bikora)
Hariho umugozi-bar, ikintu gipfutse, na film yoroshe. Ehe ivyo mu vy’ukuri twiyumvira kuri kimwe cose:
Wire -
Inzira ya kera y’ishure. Urutsinga rwa platinum ruzingiwe ku nzira y’ivyuma. Ivyiza cane, ni vyiza cane. Kandi bizimvye cane kandi bikaba ari nk’ibiteye akaga. Ivyo tubikoresha mu gupima kandi ivyo ni vyo. Yari afise umukiriya umwe yashimitse ku nsinga-ba ishaje kubera ubwato bwiwe bwose kuko "ari ryo ryonyene ryiza." Haciye amezi atandatu igice cabo cari caracitse intege kubera ko ukunyiganyiga kwavuye mu nzu yiwe y’ububiko bw’ibintu bikomeye vyari bimuzibira ibizingiti. Ubu akoresha ibintu bifatanye nk’abandi bose.
Filime
Gutera, inyishu ntoyi, yihuta. Ni vyiza ku bintu vy’abaguzi canke hasi- Gukurikirana. Turazikoresha ku bipapuro vyacu bitobito vya 12V/24V aho iyo hari ikintu kigenda nabi, nta n’umwe ariko arababazwa n’uko ata kintu na kimwe gifata umuriro. Twoba twabashize mu gipapuro c’ama 600V? Nta co bimaze. Filime y’ivyuma n’ivy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma (pramic) n’ivy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma (platine) biragwira ku rugero rutandukanye, kandi inyuma y’imirongo ibihumbi bikeyi y’ubushuhe utangura kubona ugutera. Ibara rimwe ry'ibicuruzwa ry'amahanga twagerageje - rizimvye na ryo - catwara 1,5℃mu mwaka. Ivyo bikoresho vyashinje ivyo twashizeho. Twarashinje QC yabo. Uko biri kwose, twahagaritse kubikoresha ku kintu cose gihambaye.
Igikoresho gikorowe
Ivyo nivyo dushira ku rugero rwo hejuru- voltage. The platinum coils sit loosely in ceramic tubes packed with powder, so they can expand and contract without stressing the wire. Bafata ukunyiganyiga, barafata amagare y’ubushuhe, ntibavyidodomba. Izimvye kuruta filime ntoyi ariko turasinzira neza mw’ijoro. Igikoresho cose co gukoresha amabateri ya litiyumu gikora ibikorwa vy’inganda bikwiye kuraba cane ivyo.
2-Wire, 3-Wire, 4-Wire: Igitabo c'Ikiruhuko c'Itsinda.
Ivyo vyatumye haba imvo nyazo mu biro vyacu. Ivyuma vyacu vy’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyashaka 4-wire kuri vyose. Injeniyeri wacu w’ibiciro yari hafi kugira ngo aharura amapin y’inyongera n’ibiciro vy’imirongo. Ntibavugana nk’indwi imwe.
Ehe amasezerano:
2 noni vyiza iyo umugozi wawe ari mugufi kandi ntuvyitaho igice c’impamyabushobozi y’icigwa ca kabiri canke ng’aho. Ubushobozi bw’urutsinga ubwabwo bwongera ku gusoma kwawe. Ku bijanye n'urugendo rw'amametero 10, ushobora kuzimya ku 1-2℃. Si vyiza cane iyo BMS yawe iriko irafata ingingo zishingiye kuri uwo mubare.
3‐wiren’ugusubiza inyuma ku bijanye n’ugushobora guhangana n’amabuye kandi ni co imiterere myinshi y’inganda ikoresha. Ni vyiza bihagije ku 90% vy’ibikorwa. Iyi ni yo mburabuzi yacu ubu.
4‐wireikuraho ubudahangarwa bw’amabuye burundu. Turayikoresha mu kugenzura ingingo z’umubiri mu gihe c’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere, no ku mukiriya wese ariko ariha ukuri kw’agaciro. Kandi n’itegeko ku bisubizo vyose vya litiyumu OEM aho umukiriya ariko arakora icemezo c’umutekano - abagenzuzi barakunda kubona 4-wire.
Ivyo vyarangiye igihe umuhungu wacu w'ibikoresho yavuze ati: "Nshobora gukoresha amawaya abiri y'inyongera canke nshobora gusigurira umukiriya igituma uburinzi bwabo bwo gukingira ubushuhe bwatumye ngira 3 degree." Dukoresha 4-wire ku mapaki yose y'umuriro w'umuriro ubu. Igiciro c’inyongera ni nk’ibice 0,3% vy’igiciro c’ipaki. Ntaco bimaze gutakaza itiro.
Aho wobahindura (Gushiramwo Ivy’ukuri)
Twarabonye ibintu bimwe bimwe vyo mw’ishamba biva ku bandi bahinga b’amabateri y’inganda. Ivyuma bikoresha zip - vyashizwe ku mabara y'imburakimazi. Sensors aca afata iyo nkuru n’igice c’ifu. Igenzura rimwe ritibagiranwa aho twasanze igikoresho co gutahura ibintu cari caraguye rwose kandi cariko kirazunguruka gusa imbere mu ruzitiro, gisoma ubushuhe bw’ikirere mu gihe utugingo ngengabuzima twariko turateka.
Amategeko yacu ubu:
Ku turemangingo
Gukorana n’ico kibazo, thermal paste canke 3M VHB (dukunda 9888T), hanyuma tukaba dukoresheje epoxy. Ego birababaza gusubira gukora. Ni co kintu. Iyo umuntu ategerezwa guca muri epoxy kugira ngo akoreshe igikoresho co gutahura ibintu, azokwiyumvira kabiri nimba vy’ukuri akeneye.
Hagati y'ingingo
Ibicapo bishushe biva mu ngirabuzimafatizo ziriko zirasenyuka ningoga kuruta ababanyi bavyo. Uko ni ko twasanze hariho igice c’ingingo z’umubiri zari zifise utunenge two mu mutima - akazu kamwe kariko 8℃kuruta ababanyi baryo. Imbere y’uko ikintu kibi cabaye, gihindura iyo module, kigisubira mu kibanza co gukora, caranse igice cose. Ico gikoresho carishe incuro nka 10.000 kuri uwo musi.
Amasano n'amasano
Inyama irashuha. Vyinshi. Twari dufise ipaki aho igice nyamukuru c'ibarabara kitari gipfutse neza, kandi munsi y'umuriro mwinshi cariko kiratera degre 85 mu gihe ingingo zari hafi zari ku 35℃. Umukiriya yaridodomba ku bijanye n'ububasha "bukomeye". Ntiyari impfagusa na gato - BMS yariko irakora neza na neza ivyo ikwiye gukora. Yashizeho isano, ingorane yaraheze. Ubu pack yose ifise ikimenyetso ku nzira nyamukuru y'amashanyarazi, atari -ishobora guhindurwa.
Gushiramwo/gusohoka
Niba ufise ugukonjesha gukomeye, urakeneye kumenya nimba mu vy’ukuri ikora. Yabonye uburyo bwinshi cane aho ipompo yapfuye kandi nta n’umwe yabonye gushika utugingo ngengabuzima dutangura kuvyimba.
Igikoko Ntigishirwa mu makuru
Ehe ibintu bimwe bimwe twize mu gutera imbere:
Kwigira - ubuhinga ni ukuri
Igipande usunika muri RTD kugira ngo kigipime na co nyene kirashusha. Standard ni 1mA ku Pt100. Twari dufise injeniyeri muto yigeze kugishira ku 5mA kuko "ikimenyetso kinini, ukuri neza, sivyo?" Atari vyo. Ico gikoresho cari hejuru y’uburebure bwa degre 2. Mu gipfukisho ca golf ca 48V ca 48V gisobanura gusa guhindukira imbere gatoyi y’igihe c’imbere-. Mu 400V pack y’inganda vyari gutuma habaho uguhagarika umutima. Koresha 1mA. Canke bike kuri Pt1000.
Ibintu bikomeye
Gumana intsinga za RTD kure y’imirongo y’amashanyarazi, ama moteri, inverter - ikintu cose gihindura amashanyarazi manini. Turakoresha ibiri bigoramye ubu tumaze imisi itatu tumaze imisi itatu dukoresheje "ikimenyetso c'ubushuhe c'urusaku" cahindutse EMI kuva ku 20cm yashizwe ku 20cm. Ivyo bikoresho vy’ubudandaji vy’i Lithium birabazwa: nimba uriko uragurisha amapaki kandi integrator ishira BMS iruhande y’igikoresho co kugenzura moteri, ivyo bisomwa vy’ubushuhe bizoba ari imyanda.
Itsinda ry'ukwihangana si ukuri
Icigwa ca B Pt100 gishobora gukurwaho na ±0,8℃ku 100 degre 100 ku giciro. Iryo ni ikosa RY'ALLOWABLE. Iyo BMS yawe ifata ko ari ukuri kandi igashinga imipaka y'ubushuhe ku 60℃, ushobora kuba uriko uragabanya ku 59.2℃canke 60.8℃. Gutegura imipaka yawe ufise ukwihanganira. Twubaka ku rugero rwa degre 2 ku bipimo vyose vy’uburinzi bwacu.
Ivyuma bifata amajwi bigendagenda. Ivyo bikoresho vyiza ntibi
Twarakurikirana ibimenyetso vy’abaguzi batatu batandukanye mu myaka 2 y’ibikorwa vyo mu mirima. Ingano y'ingengo y'imari (nk'amadolari 0.80 kuri umwe wese) yarungitsweko 0,6 degre 0,6 . - Ivyitegererezo vy'Abayapani ($2.50) vyashizweko 0.1℃. Ivyo bikoresho vy’agaciro vy’agaciro ($8) vyari vyarateye imbere cane atari c’mon, amadolari 8 ku sensor? Turakoresha ivy’Abayapani. Agaciro keza k’ibintu vy’inganda.
Igituma twaciye ku Pt100 Mukusanya Vyose
Twahora dufise umuvango: NTC termistors ku mpapuro ziri hasi-composts, Pt100 ku nzira z’agaciro, bimwe bimwe bitangaje vya KTY ku bikoresho vy’iragi. Yari inzozi mbi. Ivyiyumviro bitandukanye, amashami atandukanye ya BMS, ibihimba bitandukanye vy’imbere.
None ni Pt100 hose. Ivyo nyene, umucuruzi umwe, uburyo bumwe bwo gukoresha. Iyo hari ikintu kigenda nabi, ntitubwirizwa kubaza "Rindira, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibimenyetso biri muri iyi pack?" Ugushiramwo ubuhinga bwa bateri biraroroshe iyo udakoze ubwoko butanu butandukanye bw’ibimenyetso.
Itandukaniro ry’igiciro hagati ya NTC na Pt100 ni nk’amadolari 1,50 ku sensor. Ku bateri y’amadolari 3000, iyo ni urusaku. Ku bijanye n’ukwizigirwa n’amahera yo gufasha, ni vyose.
Ku muntu wese Speccings Ubuhe Ubu
Nimba uri umuhinga mu bijanye n'uguhingura ibintu, ng'iyi verisiyo ngufi:
Koresha Pt100 canke Pt1000. Igikoresho cakozwe ku kintu cose kiri hejuru ya 100V canke ikintu cose kinyiganyiga. Filime ni nziza ku bijanye n’igerageza ry’intebe n’ugukurikirana -sckets . 3-wire ntoya, 4-wire nimba uriko urakora igikorwa co kwemeza canke gukora neza.
Gura abahinguzi b’ibimenyetso vyashinzwe bafise ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana vy’ukuri. Twarabonye ibinyoma vya Pt100 mu vy’ukuri vyari NTCs zifise ibimenyetso vy’ibinyoma. Nimba igiciro kimeze nk’ikibereye cane ku buryo ata kuri ari co, ni co.
Ishiremwo ibimenyetso vyawe. Koresha ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe. Inyama-bamenyeshejwe intsinga zawe. Inyandiko n’ibindi bibanza vyawe vy’ugutahura kugira ngo umunyabwenge w’umukene imyaka 5 ahereye ubu arazi aho worabira.
Kandi ku muntu wese agura amapaki: baza uwuguha ibimenyetso akoresha n’igituma. Iyo badashobora kuguha inyishu igororotse, ivyo bikakubwira ikintu. Iyo bavuga ngo "dukoresha RTDs za platine kuko twamenye inzira ikomeye ibishika iyo utabikora," uwo ni umucuruzi amaze igihe kirekire ahagije kugira ngo amenye ikintu gihambaye.
Twaramaze imyaka irenga cumi dukora amabateri ya litiyumu mu myaka irenga cumi ubu - ibipfukisho vya golf, amagare ya golf, AGVs, ama sucrubbers yo hasi, urayivuga. Gutahura ubushuhe kumbure ni 0,5% vy’igiciro ca BOM na 50% vy’umuzi w’ukunanirwa mu murima twasuzumye. Ntaco bimaze gusa guhenda.
Niba uriko urarondera umugwi mu vy’ukuri ucukura ibintu nk’ibi, urazi aho wodusanga. Twama tunezerwa no kuvugana n’umuntu wese afise umutima ukunze wo kubironka neza.
Kandi iyo umuntu wo mu mugwi wawe asaba ko yozigama amadolari 1.50 ku mpapuro mu guhindura NTCs, ntutinye kumurungikira iyi nkuru. Canke invoice y’ico kintu co mu 2019. Ivyo vyose bikora.
