Inverter ni iki?

Yakoranye n’ibintu vy’izuba kuva muri 2021, yakoze ikosa ryose ushobora gukora, igikapu kiraremereye ariko inzu ifise ububasha iyo ababanyi batabikoze... birabereye?

Okay niko... inverter.

Nzogerageza gusigura ivyo ataco nkora vyose kuko mu vy'ukuri igihe natangura kuraba izuba nk'imyaka 4 iheze ingingo yose nasomye yari yoroshe cane ("ihindura ububasha!") canke n’amajambo y’ubuhinga n’ubu nyene naciyeko. Rero lemme irondere hagati hano.

Inverter ifata umuyagankuba wa DC ikayihindura umuyagankuba wa AC. Uwo ni wo murimo wose.

DC=amashanyarazi (ivyo amatara y'izuba akora, ivyo amabateri abika)
AC=guhindura umuriro (ico inzu yawe ikoresha, ivyo biva mu bibanza)

Ni kubera iki ivyo ari vyo bihambaye? Kubera ko vyose biri mu nzu yawe -- frigo yawe, TV, igikoresho co gushiramwo telefone, iryo tara ry’agatangaza rivuye muri IKEA -- bose biteze ububasha bwa AC. Ariko amatara y’izuba araguha DC. Rero hari ikintu gitegerezwa kugihindura. Kuba ikintu ari inverter.

Ndibuka mugenzi wanje Jake (ni we yanshitse muri iki kintu cose c’izuba) yagerageje kunsobanurira ibi ku barbecue kandi nari nk’uwuvuga ngo “oawa ariko ni kuki ntashobora gukora amatara y’izuba gusa? na we nyene gusa... yampaye iyo nzira. Ivyo bikaba ari fizike. Utugingo ngengabuzima tw’izuba ni two dukora DC. Ikiringo. Ivyo ntibishobora guhindura ivyo. Rero inverter ni vyo.

Ni vyiza rero rero hariho ubwoko 3 nyamukuru, kumbure 4 nimba ushaka kubitora.

Ivyo ni vyo abantu benshi biyumvira. Akazu kamwe, akenshi kari ku ruhande rw’inzu yawe canke mu garage, ni ko ufata ibipande vyawe vyose.

Umubanyi wanje Dave afise iyi setup. Yari afise amapaneli 20 nibwira? Kumbure 18. Uko biri kwose, inverter imwe. Mumushireko amadolari 1.800 ku nshuro ubwayo, hanyuma n’ayandi madolari 1.200 canke n’ibindi kugira ngo ashireho. Ishirahamwe ryiwe ry’izuba ryagerageje kumugurisha kuri microinverts ariko yari nk’uko nah ndi mwiza.

Irakora neza... gushika itagikora. Ehe ikintu -- iyo inverter imwe y'inverter isohotse (kandi irabikora, kenshi na kenshi nk'umwaka w'10-ish kuvyo nabonye), system yawe yose iramanuka. Gusa... ntaco. Nta n’ububasha bw’ububasha gushika usubirijwe. Dave aracariko aragenda akomeye inyuma y’imyaka 3 naho nyeneudodoye ku giti.

Oh n’ikindi kintu n’inverters z’urudodo -- iyo igipande kimwe gifise igitutu canke gihumanye canke inyoni ipfutse (iratera vyinshi kuruta uko wovyiyumvira), irakurura hasi ku mugozi wose. Ni nk’amatara ya Noweli yo mu myaka ya 90 aho amatara imwe apfa kandi umurongo wose ukagira umwijima. Si iyo ngingo mbi cane ariko isa n’iyo.

Rero aho gushiramwo inverter imwe nini, ushirako agace gatoyi k’inverter ku mugongo w’igipande kimwekimwe cose. Igipande kimwekimwe cose gikora DC caco bwite ku AC aho nyene ku gisenge.

Naciye ngenda n’ama microinteurs ya Enphase. IQ8+ iyo umuntu yitwararika ivyitegererezo. Ku bijanye n'uburyo bwanje bwo gukoresha amapaneli 15 bwari...isuzuma amakete ya kera...$4.280 gusa ku bikoresho vy’imikoroinvers. Ouch. Ego. Ubushobozi buzimvye kuruta inverter y’urudodo rwoba rwari.

Ariko ng’ibi igituma ntavyicuza rwose:

Iyo kimwe gifise ibibazo, abandi 14 baguma bakora neza. Ukwikukira kw’imikorere mu bisanzwe.

Ivyo gukurikirana ni ubusa -- Nshobora kubona neza ivyo vyose bikora mu gihe nyaco kuri telefone yanje. (Ego ndavyisuzuma ku musi ku musi. Ego umugore wanje arantwengera mw’ijigo kubera ivyo.)

Bategerezwa kumara imyaka 25 bafise garanti rero... mu vyiyumviro sinzobwirizwa kubatera umuvurungano.

Downts?

Birababaje (naravuze ivyo?)

Iyo UMUKOZI umwe apfa, umuntu ategerezwa kwinjira mu gisenge cawe kugira ngo agisubirire. N'umurongo w'urudodo ni ivu - igipimo co guhindura.

Ivyo bikurikirana bica bihinduka ikintu gikomeye cane. Nk’uko nzi ubu ko mu buseruko bwanje - Gushika #4 bitanga 8% bike kuruta uko bikwiye kandi bikantera ubusazi ariko ntibihagije kugira ngo nkore ikintu cose ku bijanye na co.

Ivyo ni vyo bishobora guhangana n’izuba ryose n’amabateri.

Niba uriko uraronka ikintu nk’i Tesla Powewall canke ayo mabateri ya Enphase canke ikindi cose, ushaka kimwe muri ivyo. Canke mu vy’ukuri -- strage -- Powewall 3 ifise iyi IN yubatswe ari nziza cane. Nturiko urafatanya ibice vyinshi.

Sinaciye muri iyi nzira mu ntango kubera ko amabateri yari azimvye mu 2021. Nk’amadolari 15k ku bijanye n’ugushiraho bateri gusa. Nari nsanzwe nkoresha amahera y’ugusinzira ku bipande n’ama microinverters rero nari nk’uko yeah oya reka tuvyihoze ubu.

Mu gihe c’umwaka uheze (2024) kandi twari dufise ivyo bipfukisho vy’ivyuma vy’izuba mu ci, kandi ndicaye ng’aho n’amadolari 25k y’amatara y’izuba atashobora gutuma frigo yanje iguma ikora kubera ko auto- umuyaga igihe uruzitiro rugenda rumanuka (ikintu gitekanye, nkibuza abakozi b’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi, ndayironka ariko n’ubu ndiko ndanywa), kandi ndiko ndiyumvira... kumbure nari nkwiye kuronka bateri.

Naho nyene n’aho nyene n’ivyo vyatumye. Ivyo ni nk'iyindi $12-15k kandi ntegerezwa kwemeza umugore wanje ko "bifise agaciro" ari vyo bigurishwa bikomeye igihe ububasha busohoka incuro nkeyi gusa mu mwaka.

Inverter

Okay rero inverters zifise ibiharuro vy’ububasha bipimwa mu bikoresho vy’amazi canke mu binogo. Ukeneye guhura na... well, ku buryo ushobora gukoresha rimwe.

Abagenzi banje b’inverter akenshi barafise 5kW canke 6kW. Ivyo nkora mu buryo bwa microinverter bikora 3.96kW vyose hamwe (264W ku rupapuro rwa x 15) ariko ntabwo ari kimwe kuko... mu vy’ukuri urazi ivyo ntazokwinjiramwo ivyatsi bibi kuri ivyo, ubwubatsi butandukanye.

Ni igiki ari co: Mbega bishobora gutwara ibintu vyawe vyose?

Reka tuvuge ko uriko uriruka:

Fridge (700W iriko iragenda, ariko nka 2000W igihe compresseur itangura -- yego ivyo ni ikintu)

Microwave (1200W)

Amatara (kumbure 100W nimba ukoresha LEDs ukwiye kuba)

TV + router + ico ari co cose (300W)

Igikoresho ca AC (1500W)

Ivyo ni 3800W bikomeza iyo vyose biriko biragenda rimwe, ariko iyo nzira y’ugutangura kwa frigo igutwara kuri 5100W mu segonda imwe.

Ukeneye rero inverter ishobora guhangana n’umuzigo udahera, kandi mu vyiza ufise ivyumba vy’imbere vy’ivyo bifungurwa vy’intango. Ivyinshi mu bice vy’umubiri bishobora gukora 120-150% mu masegonda makeyi.

Ivyo nabimenye neza -- n’ukuri, si jewe, ariko umugenzi wanje Tom. Yaronse inverter y’izuba ry’i 3000W kubera izuba ryiwe ry’izuba, aca yibaza igituma yaguma afunga igihe yariko ariruka. Ivyo vyatumye microwave yiwe ikwega 1200W ariko inverter yari ishobora gukora 3000W ikomeza kandi yari ifise ubushobozi bwo gutera. Fridge yiwe hamwe n’imikorobe hamwe yararengeye ivyo yoshobora guhangana na yo. $300 inverter mu nzira y’amazi, yategerezwa guhindura 4000W.

Isoni nyinshi z'uburaro ni "{0}} bisobanura inverter yawe ihuriza hamwe n'uruzitiro rw'amazi. Bakorana. Iyo ukoresheje ububasha bwinshi kuruta ukoresha, birenze urugero tuja ku nzira (kandi bivanye n’akamaro kawe, uronka ingurane). Iyo ukeneye ububasha bwinshi kuruta uko uriko urakora, urakura ku ruzitiro.

Ivyo ni vyo mfise. Ikora neza 99% vy’igihe.

Ariko -- kandi ivyo birahambaye -- inverter zifise uruzitiro zifunze OFF iyo uruzitiro rumanuka. Naho yoba ari umusi w’izuba ryinshi cane kandi ibipande vyawe biriko biratanga ububasha. Inverter nta kimenyetso c'uruzitiro abona kandi aja "out, ndi hanze" aca arafunga.

NTIVYAna ibi igihe naronka izuba ubwa mbere. Nariyumviriye ko amatara y’izuba yasobanura ko noba mfise ububasha mu gihe c’imbere. ATARI VYO. Ukeneye ubuhinga bwo guhindura amabateri bufise umuyagankuba udasanzwe kugira ngo ugume ufise ubushobozi mu gihe c’uguhoza. Ico ni ikintu cose gitandukanye gitwara amahera menshi cane.

Hariho kandi n'ibindi bikoresho vy'imbere mu nzu n'ibindi bidahuye n'ubuhinga na gato, ariko ivyo si vyo abantu benshi bakeneye. Ivyo birarushiriza kuba bikomeye kuko bategerezwa gucungera vyose -- gukora incuro 60Hz AC, gucunga umuriro, n’ibindi.

Inverters ntizikora neza 100%. Inguvu zimwe zimwe zirazimira nk’ubushuhe mu gihe c’uguhinduka. Ni fizike gusa.

Ivyinshi mu bikoresho vyiza cane ni 96-97%. Bamwe bavuga ko 98% (Enphase bavuga ko 97,6% kuri jewe).

Ivyo vyoba ari ikintu? Ehhh…, nuko?

Cokimwe ku mpapuro, inverter 96% ikora neza vs a 98% ikora neza -- ku nzira 10.000 kWh/umwaka ni 200 kWh. Ku madolari 0.15/kWh ni amadolari 30/umwaka. Imyaka irenga 25 y’amadolari 750. Si ubusa, ariko kandi si ikintu co gusenyura amasezerano.

Ico niyumvira ko gihambaye MORE ni ubushobozi ku muzigo w’igice. Hariho inverters zikora neza cane ku nguvu za max ariko hanyuma zikagabanuka ku rugero rwa 85% iyo uriko urakura gusa 10% vy’ububasha bufise agaciro. Ivyo birahambaye cane kuko kenshi na kenshi nturiko uratera imbere muri sisitemu -- uriko uratanga/gukoresha ububasha bw’igice.

Ariko mu vy’ukuri... sintakaza itiro kubera ivyo. Niba uriko uraraba inverters mu rugero rwa 95-98%, uba umeze neza. Ntureke ngo inyenyeri z’izuba zikubwire ukundi (kandi ndavuga ko nk’umuntu ata gukeka ko ari umunyagihugu arwanya ivyo kuri internet isaha zibiri z’ijoro).

Inverter

Aha niho naturiwe gatoyi. Ivyo inverter yavuze vyari ikintu kimwe. Igiciro nyaco ca nyuma cari... gitandukanye.

Ivyo navuze ku bijanye n’ugushiraho izuba ryavuze ngo:

15: $12.000

Abahinga mu vy'ubuhinga bwa none: amadolari 4.280

Gushiramwo ibikorwa: amadolari 3.500

Ivyemezo: $400

Igitigiri cose: amadolari 20.180

Igiciro nyaco ca nyuma: $24.680

Kubera iki? Kubera:

Igipande canje c’amashanyarazi cari gikeneye gutera imbere ($1,800 -- cari igice ca kera ca 100A, cari gikenewe 200A)

Ikeneye igice c'inyuma c'imirongo y'inyuma "igihe turi kuri co" ($750)

Amafaranga yo gusuzuma igisagara yari menshi kuruta uko yagereranywa (amadolari 150 y’inyongera)

Bamwe mu nzira y’umuduga warangije igihe kirekire kuruta uko vyari bitezwe ($300)

Ibikoresho vy'ibibi ($400)

Si mvuze ko bansharije -- vyinshi muri ivyo vyari ibintu vy’ukuri vyaje mu gihe co gushiramwo. Ariko nipfuza ko umuntu yambwiye ko notanga 20% vy'inyongera ku "vyiza bizoza."

Kandi -- kandi iki gishobora kuba ari akarere kanje -- ariko kuronka uruhusha vyatwaye FOR-BE. Nk’indwi 6. Ico kibanza ubwaco cari imisi 2. Ugutegerezwa kwemerwa n’igisagara kwari ukwezi kumwe n’igice. Gutegura ivyo.

Indirimbo ziteye ubwoba: kenshi na kenshi 10-12 garanti, kenshi zishobora gushika ku myaka 20-25 ku giciro .

Ivyuma vy'ubuhinga bwa none: Kenshi 25 list list

Ehe ikintu naho -- garantiya ni nziza gusa nk’iyo sosiyete iriko irayishigikira. Nabonye amashirahamwe atatu y’inverter agenda arahomba mu myaka 5 iheze. Niba ufise garanti y’ishirahamwe ritagihari, uratera imbere, ufise urupapuro rutagira akamaro.

Niwihangane n'amazina akomeye:

Inzoka (amamizi y'imibu)

Izuba (urudodo rw'imirongo + medars)

SMA (ihinduranya)

Fronius (ihinduranya)

Generac (ihinduranya/bateri)

Mbega hari amahitamwo atari make? Yep. Woba ukwiye kubishira mu kaga? Ntaco noba. Umubanyi wanje yararonse oya - izina ry'igishinwa kugira ngo azigame amadolari 600. Yapfuye mu mwaka wa 3. Sosiyete ntaco ikiriho. Yarishe amadolari 1.400 kugira ngo ayisubirire n’Ibarabara rya SolarEdge. Ubutunzi bw’ibinyoma.

Nkoresha app ya Enphase buri musi. Nk’uko nabivuze, umugore wanje arantwenga kubera ivyo, ariko ivyo ari vyo vyose.

Ushobora kubona:

Igikorwa kimwekimwe cose mu vyo gukora mu gihe c'ukuri- igihe

Amakuru y'akahise agenda imyaka

Ni ibihe bikoresho bikora neza

Ivyiyumviro vy'ubuzima bwa sisitemu

Ni ngirakamaro vy’ukuri. Nk’ukwezi guheze nabonye igice ca 7 cagabanutse kigera kuri 60% vy’ivyo vyavuyemwo bisanzwe. Ishami ry’igiti ryari ryaraguyeko mu gihe c’igihuhusi. Iyo ntakurikirana nshobora kutabona amayinga menshi.

Amakuru muri jewe arakunda ivyo bintu. Nfise amakete y’ibarabara. Nkurikirana uguhinduka kw’ibihe. Nzi ko ubuhinga bwanje butanga 1.247 kWh mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga, 412 kWh mu kwezi kwa kigarama. Ndi... Nshobora kugira ingorane.

Ariko kandi ni systeme yanyu, mwarishe amahera meza, boshobora kumenya neza ingene ikora.

Ihuriro rya WiFi-- Inverter yanje iratakaza isano na WiFi nk'igihe kimwe mu kwezi. Ubwirizwa kubisubiramwo. Ikibazo ca mbere kw’isi ariko kibabaza. Narize gusa kubana na vyo.

Ivyagezwe vy'ububiko-- Enphase isunika ivyagezwe rimwe na rimwe kandi rimwe na rimwe biratera amatafari. Nashitse ku ntumwa yanje (itumanaho ry’itumanaho) rimwe, vyategerezwa kuronka ubuhinga bwo kubisubiramwo. Ivyo vyari biteye umunezero (ntivyari biryoshe).

gushuha birenze urugero-- Iyo inverter yawe iri mu zuba ry’imbere canke mu kibanza gikingiye, izoshuha cane kandi ipfutse canke ipfungirwe. Mine ari mu garage aguma ari meza cane ariko inverter y’umugenzi wanje iri ku ruhome rwo mu bumanuko kandi afise ibibazo mu ci. Bahe igitutu nimba ushoboye.

Ibibazo vyinshi-- Rimwe na rimwe inverter yiyumvira ko ibona ingorane y'uruzitiro iyo ata kimwe kandi ikafunga. Nanshikiye incuro zibiri mu myaka 4. Kenshi na kenshi bikeneye gusa gusubirwamwo.

Ivyiyumviro bikomeye vyo guhagarika-- Kode nshasha isaba ibice vy’ugufunga vyihuta (kugira ngo abazimya umuriro bashobore kwica system yawe ningoga iyo bikenewe). Ivyo rimwe na rimwe bikaba ari ivy’ibinyoma. Pain mu ndogoba kugira ngo utore umuti kuko amakode y'ikosa ni subptique.

Nta na kimwe muri ivyo ari iherezo ry’isi, gusa... ibintu vy’ukuri vy’ubuzima bishika.

Inverter

arambura intoke kuko ivyo biriko birareha

Raba, ndi amadolari 24.680 muri iki kintu c’izuba. Amafaranga yanje y’amashanyarazi yava ku madolari 180/ukwezi gushika ku giciro c’amadolari 15 gusa. Rero ndiko ndazigama amadolari 165/ukwezi=$1.980/umwaka.

Igihe co kwishura: imyaka 12,5

Wongeremwo bateri kumbure amaherezo nzoronka: nk’imyaka 18-20 y’imyaka 18-20.

Ivy’amahera? Nta kibazo. Si ibitangaje. Sindiko ndatunze ivyo. Ariko mu myaka 10 aho amashanyarazi y’ababanyi banje yaduze 50% (bisa n’ibishobora) kandi ivyanje ntibiragenda neza.

Nta mpamvu z'ivy'ubutunzi ndanezerewe ko nabikoze:

Ivyaha vy'ibidukikije vyafashe ingingo

Irumva neza gukora ububasha bwanje bwite

Igikinisho c'ubuhinga bwo gukina (ugukurikirana, ugutunganya neza, ivyo vyose)

Iyo uruzitiro rugabanutse maze amaherezo ndaronka iyo bateri... ukunyurwa kw’ugutwenga

Nta mpamvu zitari nziza zituma rimwe na rimwe ndayicuza:

Indwara yera yari izimvye

Si nk'uko "vyiza ukavyibagira" nk'uko nari niteze

HOA yampaye intuntu ku bijanye n’ivyo bipande (twabikoze ariko n’ubu)

Ico kintu gihinduka cane cane? Genda n’uburyo. Ivyo ni vyo ntwara nyamukuru. Ntugire amahera menshi. Uronke ugukurikirana. Uyihindure neza. Kandi ingengo y’imari kuruta uko basubiramwo kuko hari ikintu cama kizana.

Ikintu kimwe Nshaka ko Nomenya Earlier

Oh kandi iyo UDAheza ukaja mu murongo -- rabaBateri ya litiyoamahitamwo. Bararemereye, barashaje cane, kandi ntibafise ibibazo vy’uguhunga kw’ubushuhe. Wipfuza ko hari umuntu yari yanbwiye ivyo imbere y’uko ntangura gutanga igiciro c’imbere- uburyo bwo gusubiza inyuma nk’isenga.