Guhitamwo bateri y'ibarabara: Ibikoresho vyo ku kibuga c'indege n'ivyo mu bubiko

Ikibazo si uko litiyumu ishobora gutsinda aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-y'amataratara y'ugukurura-iyo mpaka yarangiye imyaka iheze ku bikorwa vy'amashifu menshi-. Ikibazo nyaco ni igituma iyo bateri nyene ikora ku bubiko bwawe idakora ku kibuga c’indege cawe, canke vice versa.

Ibidukikije bikoreshwa nivyo bigena uko bateri imeze kurusha ubwoko bw'ibikoresho. Ariko iyo mvugo yonyene ntizogufasha kwandika RFQ. Igikurikira ni ugushiraho-urugero rw'ido n'ido mu vy'ukuri rutera imbere ingingo z'amasoko.

Aho amabateri y’ikibuga c’indege ya GSE mu vy’ukuri ananirwa

Amadirisho y'uguhindura indege agabanya amahirwe yo kwishura ku minota 15-30 hagati y'uguhindura irembo. Ivyo si uguhitamwo-ni inzitizi iterwa n’ugutegura irembo ko ata buhinga bwa bateri bushobora guhanahana amakuru.

 

Iyi nzitizi irafise ingaruka zigenda zihinduka zidafata amakete menshi. Amapaki y'acide ya lead-bisaba amasaha 8 yo gushaja hamwe n'amasaha 8 yo gukonjesha. Kugira ngo abajejwe ikibuga c’indege bagume bafise amakuru 24/7, baraheza bakagira amabateri atatu ku .traktere, abakozi b’ivy’uguhinduranya, n’ivyumba vyo gushaja bifata amabarabara 200-500 y’amazu y’ibarabara. Igiciro c’abakozi bo guhindura amabateri gusa-iminota 15 ku guhindura, incuro nyinshi ku musi-kenshi kirenze igiciro c’amabateri mu mezi 24. Ku kibuga c’indege co mu karere gikoresha amataratara 12, iyo nzira y’uguhindura indege itwara amadolari 36.000-48.000 ku mwaka imbere y’uko uharura ikirenge c’icumba co gushaja.

 

Porogarama ya Delta yo gukoresha amashanyarazi GSE itanga iciyumviro c’ingirakamaro. Igisagara cabo co mu gisagara ca Salt Lake kiri hafi y'-GSE yuzuye y'amashanyarazi; Intego yabo ni 100% vy'amashanyarazi yo hasi ku bibanza vyose bikoreshwa mu 2035. Ku bibanza vy'ibihe bikanye, uburyo bwo gushushanya bwatumye habaho itandukaniro rikomeye -ata bishushanyo vyo mu mutima, amapaki ya litiyumu atakaza 30-40% y'ubushobozi ku -20℃. Naho biri vyiza kuruta 50% vy’aside y’amabuye y’agaciro, ariko bihagije kugira ngo amasaha 7 y’urugendo ahinduke amasaha 4 igihe uyikeneye cane.

 

Ku bijanye n'amasoko y'ikibuga c'indege, ibitari -ibiganiro ni:IP67-ibibanza vy'ubushuhe, ibikoresho vy'ubushuhe bigenzurwa na BMS, n'ubushobozi bwo gushaja. Iyo umuguzi adashobora gutanga amakuru y’igerageza ry’ubushuhe yerekana ubushobozi bwo kuguma munsi ya -10℃, ivyo ni ikintu co gukuraho.

Ibikorwa vy'ububiko: Ububiko bukonje ni co kigeragezo nyaco

Ibibanza vy'ugukwiragiza bimenyerewe biratanga ingorane nke za bateri. Ubushuhe buraguma bugenzurwa, amadirisho yo gushaja ahuye n’ibihe vy’akaruhuko, kandi nta tegeko rya FAA ry’uburyo bw’ikirere rihatira amahitamwo y’ubuhinga. Ku bubiko bw'ubushuhe bwo mu karere -bukora amashifu imwe, aside y'amabuye y'agaciro iguma ari ngirakamaro. Igiharuro c'uguca mu nzira gisanzwe kiba ku 1.5 shifts canke ikoreshwa ryinshi-munsi y'ico kigero, igiciro ca litiyumu ntigisubiza mu kiringo c'ubuzima bw'ibikoresho.

Ububiko bukonje burahindura burundu ibiharuro. Bateri zikora munsi ya -18℃zihura n’ugutakaza ubushobozi benshi mu migwi y’abaguzi bafata minenerwe gushika mu rushana rwa mbere. Lead-acid chemistry igabanuka kugera ku gice c'ubushobozi bwayo mu bidukikije vy'ibikonje. Ariko uwo mubare uratandukanye cane n’imyaka ya bateri n’amateka yo kwitaho-amapaki mashasha yoshobora kuguma afise 60%, amapaki adatunganijwe neza yoshobora gushika kuri 40%. Igitabo c’ibimenyetso kiguha umubare umwe; ibitabo vyawe vy’ugutunganya bivuga inkuru nyayo.

Condensation cycling ni uburyo bwo kunanirwa buboneka gake mu bitabu vy’abaguzi.Amataratara y'ugukururakwimuka kenshi hagati y'ibibanza vy'indege n'ububiko bw'ibifungurwa-bishika incuro amajana mu gihe c'ugutanga ibifungurwa-birundanira ubukonje ku bibanza vy'amabateri. Mu mezi menshi, ivyo biratuma ibimenyetso bihungabana, bikagira ubumara ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, amaherezo bikagera no ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyo mu mutima. Ku bijanye n’ugusenyura ibikoresho vyananiwe vyasubijwe mu kigo ca Polinovel, inzu yo hanze akenshi isa neza mu gihe amasanganya y’amashanyarazi yerekana ko hariho uguhinduka kw’imitsi -ikigereranyo gisobanura igituma abakoresha uruzitiro rw’ubukonje bavuga ko hariho ibiharuro vyinshi vy’ugusenyuka naho nyene "bisanzwe" bigenzurwa n’amaso. Ivyiyumviro vya litiyumu bipfutse birakuraho vyinshi muri ubu buryo bwo kunanirwa, ni co gituma abakoresha uruzitiro rw’ubukonje-kenshi babona ROI yihuta kuruta ububiko bwo mu bindi bibanza naho ibikoresho bisa.

ROI Ranges Ntaco Bisobanura Ata Vyiyumviro

Kumbure warabonye imibare nka "10-16 ukwezi kwishura" canke "415-656% ROI y'ubuzima" ivugwa ku guhindura litiyumu. Ivyo biharuro biva ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ishirahamwe Raymond Corporation ku bijanye n’ibikorwa vy’ububiko bw’ibintu bikoreshwa mu bihe vyinshi. Ni amakuru nyayo, ariko urutonde rw’ibiharuro 241 kw’ijana rukubwira ko ivyiyumviro bishingiyeko bitandukanye cane.

Ehe ivyo mu vy'ukuri bituma habarurwa:

Ububiko bw'amashifu menshi- (2+ amashifu, amataratara 20, umuyagankuba w'amadolari 0.12/kWh)

Ivyishurwa bishika hagati y'amezi 14-20. Ivyo bizigama biva ahanini mu gukuraho abakozi bahindura amabateri-hafi $3,000-4,000 kuri tracteur ku mwaka ku madolari 25/isaha y’abakozi bakoreshwa (hindura uwo mubare ku karere kawe; ibikorwa vyo ku nkengera y’ikiyaga co mu Burengero akenshi bigenda $32-38/isaha, ivyo bikaba bigabanya amadolari 32-38/isaha ku kwezi-5). Ivyumba vy’ugushaja bishobora kuba igice kinini kuruta ibindi vyose c’inyungu mu bibanza bifise umwanya muto.

Ikibuga c'indege GSE(Ibikorwa 24/7, amataratara 30, ikirere gikanye-ikibanza c'ikirere)

Ivyimburwa bishobora gushika ku mezi 10-14 kuko uriko urakuraho kandi bateri ya gatatu y'inyuma ku traktere n'ibikorwa remezo vyo guhindura. Ariko ibiciro vyo gushiramwo bigendana n’ibibanza vy’ugushaja vyinshi bikeneye gukingira ibihe, kandi ushobora gukenera guhindura amashanyarazi kugira ngo ushobore gushigikira ibiciro vy’ugushaja vy’amahirwe. Ingengo y’imari 15-20% hejuru y’igiciro ca bateri ku bikorwa remezo.

Igihe kimwe -, gukoresha umuco (amasaha 5/umunsi, amataratara 8)

Ivyishurwa birarenga amezi 36, kandi rimwe na rimwe ntibishika mu kiringo c’ubuzima bw’ingirakamaro bw’ibikoresho. Ku bijanye n'iyi nkuru, aside y'amabuye y'agaciro n'ugutunganywa neza iguma ari yo ihitamwo ryiza-Ishirahamwe ry'abagurisha rya Polinovel rizokubwira ivyo ataco rihinduye nimba urupapuro rwawe rwerekana ko rukora igihe kimwe -mu gihe c'izuba.

Ivyo wobaza abaguha ibikoresho-n'ingene wosuzuma inyishu zabo

Benshi mu bayobozi b'amasoko bahagarara ku "kubaza ibi bibazo." Igikomeye kuruta ni ukumenya ingene inyishu nziza isa.

Imipaka y'ubu ya BMS

Ni igiki gikomeye cane gikomeza gusohoka n’ugusohoka kw’isonga? Igikoresho cawe co gusohoka gikomeye gikwiye kurenga umuriro wo gutangura ibikoresho vyawe n’imiburiburi 1.3x.Amataratara y'ugukurura150-250A mu gutangura bivanye n'umuzigo. Iyo spec ivuga 200A peak kandi ama tracteur yawe akwega 190A mu gitondo gikanye, uzobona ingendo zitera umubabaro. Basabe urupapuro rwa BMS rutandukanye n’urupapuro rwa bateri-kenshi ni inyandiko zitandukanye zifise imibare itandukanye.

Igerageza ryo gucunga ubushuhe

Ni igiki co kugumya ubushobozi ku -degre 10 na -degre 20 ? Ubwiza bw'ubukonje-bufise igipimo c'amapaki bugumya 85%+ ku -10 degre na 75%+ kuri -20 degre . Munsi y’ivyo bipimo, uriko uriha amahera y’agaciro ka litiyumu kubera ibikorwa vy’urugero rw’aside y’amabuye y’agaciro. Kandi wemeze nimba igikoresho co gushushanya kiri mu bwato gikora ubwaco munsi y’urugero rw’ubushuhe canke gisaba ko umuntu akoresha amaboko-ico ca nyuma nta co kimaze.

Guhuza uburemere

Mbega iyo paki ya litiyumu ihuye n'uburemere bw'aside ya OEM -mu 10%? Nimba atari vyo, ni ballast iyihe irimwo? Ibipimo vy'ugushikama kwa tracteur y'ugukwega bifata uburemere bwihariye. Igikapu c’amabuye y’agaciro c’amabuye y’agaciro 48V 300Ah gipima nk’ibiro 350{10}}400; igiharuro ca litiyumu coshobora kuba 150-180kg. Iryo tandukaniro ry’ibilo 200 rihindura ikibanza c’uburemere bw’isi bihagije kugira ngo rigire ico rihinduye ku nzira y’ugutera imbere ku bushobozi bwo gukurura. Iyi nta n’ikigereranyo c’isi yose ifise-bivana n’umuderi wa traktere yawe, rero nkwega urupapuro rw’ibisobanuro vya OEM imbere y’ikiyago.

Amasezerano yo gushaja

Ni ikihe C-rate iyo pack ishigikira ku bijanye no kwishura amahirwe? Bateri z’amataratara akurura zikenera cane cane imirongo ya CC-CV ku 0.3-0.5C kugira ngo zibeho igihe kirekire. Ibiciro vyinshi (0.8-1C) biraboneka kugira ngo umuntu yihute gushaja ariko urabe nimba kubikoresha bigira ico bikoze ku vyo garanti itanga. Abahinguzi bamwebamwe barakuraho garanti iyo ibiharuro vy’ugushaja vyerekana ibiciro bikomeye biri hejuru y’ivyo basabwa.

Amajambo ya garanti

Mbega iyo garanti irapfuka ugusenyuka kw’ubushobozi, kandi ku rugero rungana iki? Itegeko ry’inganda ni ugukingira garanti iyo ubushobozi bugabanutse munsi ya 70-80% y’ivyo vyategekanijwe mu kiringo c’igaranti (mu bisanzwe imyaka 3-5 canke inzinguzingu 2.000-3.000). Garantie ipfuka gusa "ugusenyuka kwose" nta garanti-amabateri ashobora gusenyuka gushika ku 60% y'ubushobozi imyaka imbere y'uko ahagarika gukora burundu.

Igihe Litiyumu Atari Inyishu Ibereye

Ibikorwa vy'umusi umwe-bifise amadirisho yo kwizigirwa yo gushaja ijoro ryose kandi ata kibanza kigoye ntibikeneye igiciro ca litiyumu. Niba amataratara yawe akurura akora amasaha 5 ku musi kandi yicara mu kibanza gicungera ubushuhe-hafise ivyumba vyinshi vyo gushaja, aside y’amabuye y’agaciro n’ugutunganywa neza-kuvomera buri ndwi, ukuringaniza buri kwezi, kugerageza ubushobozi buri mwaka{buri ha.{6}}bizogufasha neza mu myaka 4-6 izogufasha neza mu myaka 4-6.

Iciyumviro co guhindura ni ugukoresha cane gukubitwa n’imibabaro y’ibidukikije. Multi-shift hamwe n'ububiko bukonje bingana na litiyumu. Imwe-ihinduka hamwe n'ibidukikije bingana n'aside y'amabuye y'agaciro-. Ariko iyo formule irafise ibintu bidasanzwe bikwiye kwibukwa: igikorwa co gutegura ibifungurwa ku kibuga c’indege c’imisi imwe gusa gifise ivyuma bihoraho bikoreshwa mu gutwara amagare ku nzira y’amabuye y’agaciro gihura n’ingorane z’ibidukikije zirengeye imibare y’ikoreshwa, mu gihe ububiko bw’imisi myinshi bufise ibikoresho bikwiye gusubirizwa mu kwezi gushobora gusubirizwa. amataratara araruhuka. Iryo formule ni intango, si ingingo.

Ku bikorwa bigwa hagati-1.5 shifts mu kirere giteye igomwe, canke shift imwe n'imbeho rimwe na rimwe-ingingo akenshi imanuka ku kuba uriko urategura kwagura ubwato mu myaka 3-5 izoza. Niba uriko wongerako amataratara uko biri kwose, gushinga urugero ku litiyumu ubu birinda gucunga uburyo bubiri butandukanye bw’amabateri n’ibikorwa remezo bibiri bitandukanye vyo gushaja. Nimba ubwato bwawe buhagaze neza, gutuma ukoresha neza ubuhinga bwawe bwo gukoresha aside y’amabuye y’agaciro bishobora kuba ari vyo vyiza kuruta ibindi vyose.